Treatment of Jews

1. Treatment of Jews Lesson starter: ‘’Nobody knows why Hitler hated the Jews so much.’’ Write down some of the reasons historians have given for Hitler’s hatred of Jews.

2. Today we will… • Describe the Nazi Party’s views on race • Identify the ways in which the Nazis discriminated against the Jewish population

3. I can… • Create a timeline outlining the impact of Nazi policy on Jews • Explain the treatment of Jews using my knowledge in a N5 answer

4. Starter task Write down what you think this picture shows.

5. Hitler had used Mein Kampf to write down his ideas about the Jewish Race • He believed there were superior races such as Aryans • These were fair skinned people like Germans • Jews and people from Balkan countries (ie Serbia) were far below Aryans in his ideas • Untermensch = sub human • He also believed people were Jewish by blood, so they would not change this

6. Hitler wanted to get rid of all the people he hated • Hitler provided reasons for the groups he hated – but they were often inaccurate views • He built on existing anti Semitism in Germany • He blamed the Jews for bad times in Germany’s past

7. The Jews • Hitler believed they were responsible for Germany losing WWI • He said they created Communism • That they were rich and ruthless • That they made Germany weak and brought nothing to the country

8. Other groups • Jehovah’s witnesses – would not idolise Hitler • Gypsies – contributed nothing to society • ‘asocials’ (such as drug users) – problems were hereditary • Homosexuals– would not repopulate Germany • Disabled people – should not reproduce and cost Germany too much money

9. How did life change for German Jews?

10. Stage 1 Petty Harrassment

11. Mainly public discrimination • 1 April 1933 – boycott of Jewish businesses • Burning of Jewish books • Many Jews made to leave their jobs and army • Anti-Jewish propaganda • Children’s games were anti-Jewish • Yellow park benches • Jews encouraged to leave Germany without their possessions • 1934 – all Jewish businesses identified with ‘Juden’ on window

12. Stage 2 Nuremberg Laws

13. Nuremberg Laws 1935 • Took away German citizenship from Jews • Marriage between Jews and Aryans illegal • Jewish businesses disbanded • Jewish doctors, lawyers not allowed to have Aryan clients • Jews had a J stamped on their passports • Aryan women under 45 not allowed to work for Jews

14. Stage 3 Kristallnacht

15. KristallnachtThe night of broken Glass • 9-10 November 1938 • The SS (Hitler’s Bodyguard) destroyed Jewish shops, businesses and synagogues across Germany • 91 Jews killed • Around 20,000 sent to camps • 400 synagogues burnt down • Over 7500 Jewish shops destroyed • Nazis blame it on Jewish community and fine them 1 billion marks

16. Video clips • http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/nazi-book-burnings-remembered/7196.html • http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/kristallnacht/3278.html • http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/kristallnacht-remembered/7197.html

17. Timeline of Jewish persecution • You are going to create a timeline on a new double page • Start at 1 April 1933 • All the important events which persecuted the Jews can be found on pages 68-72 of the textbook in chronological order • Try to add in how each change/ law altered the lives of Jewish people

18. N5 Question Practice • Explain why life became difficult for Jews in Germany between 1933 and 1939. 6 marks • Describe the events of Kristallnacht 1938. 5 marks