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THE RECONSTRUCTION ERA

THE RECONSTRUCTION ERA. Rebuilding the Union. Congressional Reconstruction Plan. President Lincoln had wanted a plan to return the southern states to the union quickly and easily – 10% Plan -, but he was dead Radical Republicans in Congress wanted to punish the South

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THE RECONSTRUCTION ERA

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  1. THE RECONSTRUCTION ERA Rebuilding the Union

  2. Congressional Reconstruction Plan President Lincoln had wanted a plan to return the southern states to the union quickly and easily – 10% Plan -, but he was dead Radical Republicans in Congress wanted to punish the South for the war with martial law, much harsher New Pres. Andrew Johnson was a southerner and not able to control Congress. He pardoned southern leaders and vetoed the Tenure in Office Act. Congress impeached Johnson; found innocent by one vote

  3. A ticket to President Andrew Johnson’s impeachment trial with a painting of Johnson

  4. Reconstruction - continued Congress created the Freedman’s Bureau under Oliver Howard to help freed slaves with schools, jobs, legal aid, finding relatives, etc. Passed 3 amendments to Constitution: 13th – abolished slavery 14th – made blacks equal citizens 15th – guaranteed equal right to vote to (male) citizens When U.S. Grant was elected President in 1868 he went along with the plans of Congress for Reconstruction

  5. President Grant President Rutherford B. Hayes

  6. Students at Howard University A black man votes

  7. Blacks Under Reconstruction Black Americans still had many problems; whites in South were determined to stay in control; for a few years some blacks were elected to gov’t jobs Southern states passed Black Codes and Jim Crow laws The Ku Klux Klan terrorized blacks who fought back Black voting also limited by grandfather clauses, poll taxes, and literacy tests Many ex-slaves became poor sharecroppers (tenant farmers) Were taken advantage of by carpetbaggers and scalawags Reconstruction ended with 1876 election; Tilden vs Hayes

  8. Many blacks left the South, including the Exodusters who moved West Freedman’s Bureau school

  9. Thomas Nast cartoon about the 1876 election

  10. Black Americans continued to live in poverty

  11. Why Did Reconstruction Fail? • The long history of racism in the United States • Sharecropping made Blacks economically dependent on whites • Blacks were lacking in education and experience as government officials • The terrorism of the KKK and other white supremacist groups kept blacks from exercising equal rights • Northern whites lost interest in the problems of Blacks in the South

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