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EM-DAT Technical Advisory Group Meeting 26-27 October 2009, New York

EM-DAT Technical Advisory Group Meeting 26-27 October 2009, New York. Lessons of creating disaster database in Nepal. Surya Narayan Shrestha, Deputy Executive Director. National Society for Earthquake Technology – Nepal (NSET). Significance of Disaster Database.

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EM-DAT Technical Advisory Group Meeting 26-27 October 2009, New York

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  1. EM-DAT Technical Advisory Group Meeting26-27 October 2009, New York Lessons of creating disaster database in Nepal Surya Narayan Shrestha, Deputy Executive Director National Society for Earthquake Technology – Nepal (NSET)

  2. Significance of Disaster Database • Helps in creating scenarios of realized risks in the past • Supports policy decisions on • Strategic planning • Development planning • Disaster preparedness • At national to local levels • When disaster database is properly generated and maintained at national to local levels

  3. Situation prior to DesInventar Database (2004) • Existing Database Systems in Nepal • MOHA Data • Rescue and relief • NRCS Data • Rescue and relief • MOA Data • Damage and loss of agricultural land and crops • EDCD Data • Epidemics and health issues

  4. Problems in existing database system • Published disaster data are available only for the period after 1983 • Lack of consistency in attributes of the data • No standardized data collection formats • No systematic analysis of the data • Focuses on those disasters which involved rescue operation and relief efforts • Small to medium scale disasters are not recorded • These have significant impact on development efforts

  5. DesInventar in Nepal • Series of informal discussions held among UNDP/BCPR, NSET and other relevant institutions on the need for developing a comprehensive disaster database • UNDP/BCPR encouraged Nepalese institutions to initiate the process of systematic disaster inventory and was ready to support financially • During 20-22 May 2003, a training program on DesInventar methodology was organized in Nepal • Participated by key Nepalese institutions: National Planning Commission (NPC), Ministry of Home Affairs (MOHA), UNDP/Nepal, Kathmandu Metropolitan City (KMC), Nepal Red Cross Society (NRCS), NSET)

  6. The Project: DIMS Disaster Inventory / Information Management System in Nepal (DIMS) • After the training, the participating institutions organized series of meetings and decided that NSET implements the project in creating disaster database of the period 1971-2003 • UNDP/Nepal contracted NSET in November 2003 for implementing the project • Project period: December 2003 – July 2004 (8 months) • Amount: Approx. $18,000 (NRs. 1,402,104) • Included: trainings, data collection, verification, entry, analysis, workshops, report preparation

  7. Key outputs and achievements from DIMS • Training of professionals • Establishment of the system • Collection and inventory of about 12,500 disaster events and their impacts • Analysis of disaster occurrences and their impacts • Sharing and exchange of data and lessons • Establish preliminary methodology for economic analysis • Concept for institutionalization of DIMS at national to local levels

  8. Key outputs and achievements • Feasibility of developing and maintaining disaster database is established • Importance of disaster database is well realized by stakeholders • Wide acceptance on the need for continuation of the effort • Realizing this, NSET is continuing the effort by its own resources • 2004 upto Jul. 2009 already completed

  9. DesInventar in Nepal NSET, itself, Continuing for the Remaining Years…… NSET Implemented for 1971-2003 with support of UNDP Training for 10 Professionals with support of UNDP/BCPR A Computer Based Software DESINVENTAR Need Realized for Systematic Recording

  10. Methodology • Identifying natural disaster events (in Nepalese context) • Develop data collection format • Identification of sources of information • Daily newspapers (Gorkhapatra Daily as the key source together with few other daily newspapers) • Reports and periodicals • Government records

  11. Methodology • Training for data collection and entry • Data collection and monitoring • Data entry into DesInventar system and analysis • Analysis of collected data • Display in Chart, Map and Tabular Forms

  12. Disasters EventsConsidered in Nepal DesInventar • Earthquake • Fire • Storm • Flood • Landslide • Heavy rain • Famine • Epidemic • Sedimentation • GLOF • Avalanche • Snow storm • Hail storm • Thunder storm • Frost • Leak of Hazardous Fluid • Forest fire • Explosion • Plague • Panic • Pollution • Structural collapse • Boat Capsize • Cold Wave • Heat Wave • Accident • Strong wind • Drought

  13. Key summaries from Disaster Database of Nepal(1971 – 2007)

  14. Disaster Events during 1971-2007 in Nepal(Source: DesInventar Database, NSET)

  15. Nepal DesInventar : Summary Facts • Disasters are Frequent: • Total events recorded = 15,388 (for past 37 years, 1971-2007 AD) • Total deaths 27,256 (Annual average deaths = 736) • Missing: more than two thousands • Injury: 54,182 • Annual average people affected = 133,150 These are only reported figures!

  16. Yearly Spread of Disaster Events NSET: Nepal Risk Assessment

  17. Spatial Spread by Districts NSET: Nepal Risk Assessment

  18.  Below or equal to 1  VDCs with 2  VDCs with 3  VDCs with 4  VDCs with 5  VDCs with 6 or more Number of Datacards Spread by VDC NSET: Nepal Risk Assessment

  19. Deaths by Disaster-hazard Types Percentage distribution of death numbers NSET: Nepal Risk Assessment

  20. Hazard-wise Affected Population Top 10 Disaster Types NSET: Nepal Risk Assessment

  21. Buildings Destroyed & Damaged by Hazard Types NSET: Nepal Risk Assessment

  22. Buildings Destroyed & Damaged by Year NSET: Nepal Risk Assessment

  23. Disaster Calendar Prepared by Analyzing DesInventar Database Note: Earthquake can occur at any time, and hence it has no seasonal variation

  24. Characteristics / limitations of Nepal disaster database • Data of 1971 and afterwards are covered, due to • Availability of resources: time and money • Limited reporting of disasters in media • Events – all: small, medium to large events with one or the other type of impacts are covered • Disaster event-types generalized into 28 types • Data from the secondary sources only, no field verifications have been made • However, the data verified from different sources

  25. Observations in current DesInventar System • Events vs. No. of data cards • Change/update in political/administrative boundaries • Economic analysis

  26. Next Steps • Institutionalization of the system at National level • Training for potential users • Establish the system in each District • Central/National District Local • However, this will take time; therefore NSET continues maintaining the database

  27. The collaboration with CRED • Expected to be fruitful in enhancing the data quality • Increase compatibility with global database systems

  28. Thank You

  29. Approx. Cost for Maitaining • Required cost for continuing the effort (NSET continuing in the current mode of data collection) • USD 15,000 per year • Covers • Data collection from secondary sources, verification, entry, analysis, report preparation • Cost covers • Staff cost, Hardware/software, office logistics, transportation etc.

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