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Structure of the Constitution

Structure of the Constitution. Essential Questions. The Structure of the Constitution. Essential Terms . U.S. Constitution Preamble 7 Articles Amendments Bill of Rights. How did the Constitution improve the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?

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Structure of the Constitution

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  1. Structure of the Constitution

  2. Essential Questions The Structure of the Constitution Essential Terms U.S. Constitution Preamble 7 Articles Amendments Bill of Rights • How did the Constitution improve the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? • How is Constitution structured and what is each part’s purpose?

  3. The U.S. Constitution • constitution – the written plan for government • the “supreme law of the land” or basic law of the land • Every country/nation has their own version of a Constitution…or plan for their government. • Each state in our nation has their own Constitution for their state. • The U.S. Constitution replaced the Articles of Confederation during the Constitutional Convention.

  4. A.o.C. v. U.S.C. Articles of Confederation United States Constitution • No president • No power to collect taxes • Unicameral Congress • No court system • too difficult to pass laws • too much power to the states • TOO WEAK • President • Congress has the power to collect taxes • Bicameral Congress • federal court system (districts, appellate, & supreme) • law making process = simple majority • centralized the government and created a system to balance the power between the states and the national government

  5. Part 1 - Preamble • Introduction to the Constitution • Lists the goals of the Constitution

  6. Three Parts of the Constitution • 1. The Preamble – the introduction • 2. The 7 articles – organizes the details of the government • 3. The amendments – the changes to the constitution • including the 1st ten changes = the Bill of Rights

  7. Preamble: A.o.C. v. U.S.C. Articles of Confederation Preamble United States Constitution Preamble • To all to whom these Presents shall come, we the undersigned Delegates of the States affixed to our Names send greeting. Articles of Confederation and perpetual Union between the states of New Hampshire, Massachusetts-bay Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia. • We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

  8. The U.S. Constitution • constitution – the written plan for government • the “supreme law of the land” or basic law of the land • Since each state needs a government to run it…each state has their own STATE constitution. • Very similar set up to the U.S. Constitution • Obviously not as powerful…

  9. U.S.C. v. N.C.’s The U.S. Constitution’s Preamble North Carolina’s Preamble • We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. • We, the people of the State of North Carolina, grateful to Almighty God, the Sovereign Ruler of Nations, for the preservation of the American Union and the existence of our civil, political and religious liberties, and acknowledging our dependence upon Him for the continuance of those blessings to us and our posterity, do, for the more certain security thereof and for the better government of this State, ordain and establish this Constitution.

  10. Part 1 - Preamble • Introduction to the Constitution • Lists the goals of the Constitution

  11. Goals of The Preamble • We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. • The SIX goals of the Constitution: • “to form a more perfect union” • “establish justice” • “insure domestic tranquility” • “provide for the common defense” • “promote the general welfare” • “secure the blessings of liberty” Introduction to the Constitution Lists the goals of the Constitution

  12. “to form a more perfect union” What are examples of the government showing this goal in action?

  13. “establish justice” • What are examples of the government showing this goal in action?

  14. “insure domestic tranquility” • What are examples of the government showing this goal in action?

  15. “provide for the common defense” • What are examples of the government showing this goal in action?

  16. “promote the general welfare” • What are examples of the government showing this goal in action?

  17. “secure the blessings of liberty” • What are examples of the government showing this goal in action?

  18. Essential Questions The Structure of the Constitution Essential Terms U.S. Constitution Preamble 7 Articles Amendments Bill of Rights • How did the Constitution improve the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? • How is Constitution structured and what is each part’s purpose?

  19. Essential Questions The Articles Essential Terms Article 1 Congress Article 2 President Article 3 Supreme Court Federalism Amendment Process Supremacy Clause Ratification • How is the separation of powers shown in the U.S. Constitution? • How did the amendment process and federalism solve the disputes between the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists?

  20. Article I • Structure, power, & responsibilities of the Legislative Branch — Congress • Main Job - Makes laws • Lists powers the national gov. has

  21. Something to think about… • Isn’t PRO the opposite of CON? And… • Progress – to advance, to move forward, to make better • Why did they choose the name congress? • Marinate on that!!! How many combinations of 13 can you find on our nation’s seal??

  22. Article II • Structure, power, and resp. of Executive Branch—the president • Main Job - Enforces laws • Powers of the Pres. • Sets up Electoral College and Presidential elections

  23. Something to think about… Presidential Trivia • Shortest –Madison 5’4” • Tallest – Abe 6’$” • Heaviest – Taft 300+ lbs • Oldest – Reagan 69 • Youngest – Teddy 42 • Assassinated – 4 • Attempted Assassinations – 6 • Virginia is the birthplace of the most Presidents – 8 • 1906 Teddy was the first to travel internationally • Nixon – first to visit all 50 states • 2 father son combos have been President (the Adams and the Bushes) • Gerald Ford was only President who was not elected by the people as Pres or V.P. • 3 Presidents have been impeached – Jackson, Nixon, and Clinton • DOES ANY OF THIS REALLY MATTER? How many combinations of 13 can you find on our nation’s seal??

  24. Article III • Structure, power, resp. of Judicial Branch • Main Job - Interprets laws • Sets up the US Supreme Court and any other federal courts Congress wants to create

  25. Something to think about… • Justice Clarence Thomas has not asked a question or made a comment in any oral hearing in over five years!!!!! How many combinations of 13 can you find on our nation’s seal??

  26. Let’s Eat Jello • Let’s Eat Jello • Legislative, Executive, Judicial • Articles 1, Article 2, Article 3 • Congress, President, Supreme Court

  27. REMEMBER . . . • LEJ MCI Articles • Legislative Makes laws I • Executive Carries out laws II • Judicial Interprets laws III

  28. Article IV • Creates a system to share power between the states and the federal (national or central) government • Explains the relationship between the national and state governments

  29. Article V • Explains how the Constitution can be amended (changed)

  30. Article V – The Amendment Process • The Constitution cannot be changed by just anyone!!! • This document is permanent and so are its changes… • Once you amend/change the document you must amend that amendment!! • WHAT!?!?!

  31. Article V – The Amendment Process • Why do you think the “founding fathers” wanted this as the way to change the nation’s plan? • Why not have the President change it? • Why not have the Supreme Court change it? • What two groups did they allow to change the document??

  32. Article V – The Amendment Process • Propose – to put forward; to plan; to make an offer • Ratification – to officially approve • How many ways are there to: • Propose an amendment? • Ratify an amendment?

  33. Article VI • Constitution is the supreme law of the land • Supremacy Clause

  34. Article VII • Constitution will go into effect when 9 states ratify (approves) it 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

  35. Essential Questions The Articles Essential Terms Article 1 Congress Article 2 President Article 3 Supreme Court Federalism Amendment Process Supremacy Clause Ratification • How is the separation of powers shown in the U.S. Constitution? • How did the amendment process and federalism solve the disputes between the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists?

  36. Prep for Constitution Gallery Walk • Warm Up: Set up the columns of each chart • Cool Down: Create the rows for the gallery walk chart • Amendment Chart - # Supreme Court Case Chart - #

  37. Amendment Chart – make sure you leave enough space to add a lot of detail to your notes (room for both your notes and mine)

  38. Supreme Court Case Chart - make sure you leave enough space to add a lot of detail to your notes (room for both your notes and mine)

  39. Essential Questions 14 - Bill of Rights & Amendments Essential Terms Bill of Rights “establishment clause” “free exercise” petition libel slander “clear and present danger” bear arms quartering troops seizure self incrimination indictment due process eminent domain double jeopardy civil suit cruel and unusual punishment enumerated rights Voting Amendments President or Executive Amendments Civil War (or Civil Rights) Amendments Alcohol Amendments • How does the Bill of Rights protect individual rights with the rule of law? • Give examples of how the Bill of Rights and/or the amendments balances civil liberties with government power.

  40. the Bill of Rights v. Amendments 11 - 27 the Bill of Rights Amendments 11 - 27 • the first 10 amendments to the Constitution • added all at once during the Constitutional Convention • outlines the rights of citizens

  41. Amendments • Changes to the Constitution • There are 27 total amendments • Bill of Rights—first 10 amendments • protects the rights of citizens (civil liberties)

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