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The Structure of US Constitution

The Structure of US Constitution. Chapter 3 Sec. 1 & 2. Preamble. The Preamble = Introduction States why the Constitution was written, 6 reasons: 1. Form a more perfect union 2. Establish Justice 3. Insure Domestic tranquility 4. Provide for the common defense

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The Structure of US Constitution

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  1. The Structure ofUS Constitution Chapter 3 Sec. 1 & 2

  2. Preamble • The Preamble = Introduction • States why the Constitution was written, 6 reasons: • 1. Form a more perfect union • 2. Establish Justice • 3. Insure Domestic tranquility • 4. Provide for the common defense • 5. Promote general welfare • 6. secure the blessings of liberty

  3. Article I: The Legislative Branch (p.68-70) • AKA: Congress • Job: Make laws • Bicameral: Made up of two houses • House of Representatives • Senate

  4. Article I:Legislative branch cont. • Article I is made up of 10 sections: • 1. power & make up • 2. term, qualifications, etc… • 3. Senate: term, Qual., etc.. • 4. elections, meeting dates • 5. organization & rules of procedure • 6. privileges & restrictions • 7. passing laws • 8. powers granted to congress • 9. powers denied to federal government • 10. powers denied to states

  5. Article II: The Executive Branch (p. 70-71) • AKA: White House • Job: to enforce laws • 4 sections listed: • 1. Pres. & V.P. term, election, qualifications • 2. powers of president • 3. Duties of president • 4. Impeachment

  6. Article III: The Judicial Branch (72-73) • AKA: Supreme Court & all other Federal courts below • Job: to interpret laws based on the Constitution. • The smallest of three branches, but Judicial Review makes it as important • 3 sections listed: • 1. Federal Courts • 2. Jurisdiction • 3. Treason

  7. Article IVRelations Among the States • This article ensures that each state recognizes the laws, court decisions, & records of all other states. • 4 sections listed here: • 1. Official acts: it states the above • 2. Mutual duties of states • 3. New states & territories • 4. federal protection for states

  8. Article V: Amending the Constitution • The process by which the Constitution can be changed! • “We must never forget that it is … a constitution intended to endure for ages to come, and, consequently, to be adapted to the various crises of human affairs.” JM • What is the meaning of this quote?

  9. Article VINational Supremacy • AKA: The Supremacy Clause • Has 3 parts: • 1. All debts incurred during war & under the Articles of Confederation, are still owed • 2. Federal laws are supreme in conflicts between state & national law • 3. Oaths of office: no religious test shall be required for a job in govt.

  10. Article VIIRatification of the Constitution • Required 9/13 state approval to ratify • 1st: Delaware • 9th: New Hampshire • 4th: Georgia • 10 & 11: VA (10)& NY(3), most populated • Last: Rhode Island

  11. Amendments • 27 amendments in the Constitution • Amend 1-10 aka: Bill of Rights (1791) • Amend 11-27 passed from 1795-1992

  12. Article V: Amending Cont. • Found: Article V • How: two ways • Most popular way: proposed by 2/3 of congress & approved by ¾ state legislatures • Overall: 4 different combinations to amend • Congress has set a 7 year limit on the process

  13. Why would the Constitution be amended? • 1. Simply laws have changed, or further clarified • 2. President has requested change • 3. Court decisions: with use of Judicial Review to interpret the Constitution • 4. Our political customs & traditions, ex. Political parties

  14. Shared power & conflict (p.73-75) • The three branches must cooperate with each other to be effective, but conflict is inevitable. • Through checks & balances @ court hearings they create & control conflicts

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