CRITICAL COMMUNICATION TO OVERCOME DISASTER

1. CRITICAL COMMUNICATION TO OVERCOME DISASTER - Through the Experience of Great East Japan Earthquake - Tadaaki YOKOO Executive Director, ARIB GSC-18 Meeting, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis, France

2. JAPAN GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

3. TOUCH ORIENTAL CULTURE GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

4. ENJOY TASTEFUL FOOD GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

5. SUFFER NATURAL DISASTER Typhoon Earthquake Eruption GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

6. BEFORE11 MARCH 2011 GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

7. Earthquake ： Most Severe Disaster Japan 212 (20.5 %) Number of earthquakes with magnitude of 6.0 or greater (2000-2009) Principal Volcanoes in the World Source：Cabinet Office on the basis of data from the Japan Meteorological Agency and USGS Source：Prepared by the Japan Meteorological Agency based on data from the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

8. Earthquake Management Analysis Decision Data Gathering Information to Citizen Japan Meteorological Agency Broadcaster (Earthquake Phenomena Observation System) Local Government Telecomm Operator 4200 sites around Japan Fire Department Local Government GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

9. EEW Earthquake Early Warning Launched by the Japan Meteorological Agency(JMA) on October 1st, 2007 Seismometer P-waves Primary waves (P-waves) JMA Secondary Waves (S-waves) S-waves P S amplitude Hypocenter (focus) time seismometer output 4km/s 7km/s This time lag provides valuable secondsfor self-protection and evacuation. ex) Seismometer at your city is 56km away P arrives after 8 sec S arrives after 14 sec More than 4,200 seismometers installed GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

10. Special ring tone when alert received Early Warning Message • By Mobile OperatorsMessages are transmitted to mobile devices via “Area Mail” • By BroadcastersMessages are transmitted to TV sets via “Super Impose” Warning Message Area Mail servers No transmission to mobile deviceswhere Earthquake warnings are not in effect. Earthquake Early Warnings Earthquake Occurred off the coast of Chiba. Please pay attention since strong shaking may occur. Other Areas Earthquake Warning Telecomm Operator Japan Meteorological Agency Transmission to mobile devices whereEarthquake warnings are in effect. Affected Area Earthquake Warning Earthquake Early Warning (i n Japanese only ) EEW (Earthquake Early Warning) Detect Earthquake Transmitter Broadcasting Station GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

11. EWBS Emergency Warning Broadcasting System • EWBS singnals embedded in TV and radio broadcasts waves automatically swtches on TV and radio sets to inform people about impending disaster and enable them to prepare for emergencies. • The EWBS has been in operation in Japan since 1985. The digital EWBS started in 2000 for satellite TV broadcasting (ISDB-S) and in 2003 for terrestrial TV broadcasting (ISDB-T). Automatic Activation Alert EWBS Meteorological Agency Broadcasting Station Broadcasting Service Area Transmitter GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

12. ON11 MARCH 2011 GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

13. The Great East Japan Earthquake Source : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Shindomap_2011-03-11_Tohoku_earthquake.png • Earthquake 14:46:18 (JST) , 11 March, 2011 - Magnitude 9.0 - Maximum seismic intensity 7 - The 4th largest in the world since 1900 MIYAGI 132km 375km • Huge Tsunami TOKYO - Over 10m high - Maximum run-up height of 40.5m GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

14. Attacked by Earthquake and Tsunami GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

15. We learned : At attacked area • No access means (trains, roads, ports) • No power supply continued • No facility in use Radio Tower Mobile Phone Shop Transmission Station GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

16. We learned : At metropolitan area • No transportation available • Get home on foot • Hard to confirm family safety • Mobile network ：　Overload • Fixed Network　：　Available public telephones only (very limited) Station Road Public Telephone GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

17. We learned : The importance of broadcasting during a disaster Figure A Media accessed by people in stricken areas straight after the Great East Japan Earthquake. *NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, The NHK Monthly Report on Broadcast Research September 2011 Figure B Reliable media for information concerning the Great East Japan Earthquake *Nomura Research Institute, News Release, 3 May 2011 GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

18. We learned : The power of one-seg mobile TV The ISDB-T one-segment service sends TV programs to mobile phones, car TVs. This can be an important safeguard for life and property in times of emergency even when no electricity is supplied. • Policemen saved 40 lives with one-seg mobile TV alarm!Two new policemengot a tsunami warning alarm from the passengers mobile phone with TV when checking if everyone is fine in the train. They quickly decided to lead the 40 passengers to the hill to avoid the disaster of tsunami. All passengers were safely evacuated from the tsunami area before the tsunami struck the train. GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

19. AFTER11 MARCH 2011 GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

20. Backup Function to Continue Broadcasting Communication Satellite Broadcasting Satellite 1st Key Backup Station NHK FUKUOKA Main Transmission Site in Tokyo 2nd Key Backup Station NHK TOKYO NHK OSAKA B-up HQS HQS GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

21. Full Preparation for Disaster Broadcasting Helicopter Satellite OB Van Power Generator at Transmission Site Remote Controlled Camera Vehicle for Emergency Transmission Portable SNG Equipment GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

22. Construction of Large-Zone Mobile Base Stations • Substitute for regular base stations with outage due to disaster • 7 km radius to cover density populated areas • Total 104 stationsto cover 35% population outage Wireless transmission outage outage Wireline transmission Mobile Base Station Populated areas Wireline transmission Circuit disruption outage outage Physical damage GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

23. Battery Emergency Power Supply • Emergency Power Supply has been additionally installed to • secure mobile communication • Engine to 720 stations • 24-hour Battery to 1,000 stations 24-hour Battery Engine Wireless transmission Wireless transmission Engine Prefectural and municipalgovernment offices, etc. Prefectural and municipalgovernment offices, etc. Engine Battery unit Battery GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

24. Disaster Voice Messaging Service • Disaster Voice Messaging Service (starting March 1, 2012) enables people to send messages as data files, free of charge, when voice calls become restricted due to a disaster I’m safe, taking shelter at an elementary school nearby. Calling restrictions due to network congestion Play back caller’s voice message Voice communicationnetwork Caller Receiver (1) Attempted voice call convergence (2) Select voice message service and recordmessage Packet communication network (3) Send message as data file I’m safe, taking shelter at an elementary school nearby. Voicedata file (4) Notification, after message is played GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

25. Free Public Telephone at Convenience store Temporarily set up a free public telephone at 1200 Seven Eleven convenience stores in Tokyo metropolitan area when disaster occurs GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

26. Are we fully prepared ? If same disaster occurs again ・・・ • You are in a office at Tokyo, and want to talk to your family to see if they are safe with your mobile phone. • You are in a rescue team from overseas, and want to share information with local rescue authorities with your radio system. • You are a traveler to Japan, and want to watch TV news with your mobile phone. GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

27. Thank You !! GSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis