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Bluetooth Introduction

Bluetooth Introduction. Guoxin Zheng School of Communication and Information Engineering Shanghai University. Architecture Overview. Overview Technically Topology Radio/Baseband Protocol stack Modules&Silicon Development Kits Qualification. 400. 100%. 36. 36. 80%. Replacement.

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Bluetooth Introduction

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  1. Bluetooth Introduction Guoxin Zheng School of Communication and Information Engineering Shanghai University

  2. Architecture Overview • Overview • Technically • Topology • Radio/Baseband • Protocol stack • Modules&Silicon • Development Kits • Qualification

  3. 400 100% 36 36 80% Replacement 58 61 67 70 73 75 Entry 60% 82 22 Mid 37 40% High 21 23 100 42 24 20 20% 17 16 11 28 21 16 10 10 9 7 9 0% Source: Ericsson official forecast 2003 Aug-Sept 96 Aug-Sept 97 April-May 97 June-July 98 April-May 96 April-May 98 Dec-Jan 96/97 Dec-Jan 97/98 Feb-March 98 *70% of total sales volume Source: GFK retailer panel 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 1998 2002 2000 2004 Phones Smart Phones World Penetration All (SP,GER, UK, FRA, ITA) - % Distribution by Price segment of Total Sales Volume*(units) Industry Forecast in million phones 1995 (est.) Source;Ericsson

  4. Forecast Worldwide Sales 2005 1000 cameras & misc. Internet connection device 900 Remote control portable computers and PDA’s 800 printers CD-player 700 mobile accessories TV/VCR/DVD 600 Million units 500 desktop accessories telephone answering devices 400 mobile phones 300 200 cordless phones 100 desktop PCs Mobile devices Desktop devices Consumer electronics Source: IDC, Strategy Analytics, Ericsson, Silver Institute

  5. The Future? • Mobile phones is by far the largest segment within Mobile Devices • 250 million mobile phones will be sold year 2000 • 630 million mobile phones will be sold year 2005 • Desktop PCs is the largest segment in Desktop Devices • 80 million desktop PCs will be sold year 2000 • 140 million desktop PCs will be sold year 2005 • Cordless phones is the largest segment in Consumer Electronics Devices • 150 million cordless phones will be sold year 2000 • 350 million cordless phones will be sold year 2005

  6. Cable Replacement Data/Voice Access Points Personal Ad-hoc Networks What does Bluetooth do for you? Landline “Usage Models”

  7. “Design a radio to replace the cable and its connectors…” • Design Goals • Small implementation size • Low implementation cost • Low power consumption • Secure and robust for open ISM band • Challenges • Fast frequency hopping • Single chip integration

  8. Global Operation Industrial - Scientific - Medical 80 MHz at 2.45 GHz Globally available Unlicensed and free to use

  9. Unprecedented Cross Industry Commitment • Special Interest Group • Ericsson, IBM, Intel, Nokia and Toshiba • And today there are more than 2000 Bluetooth adopters...

  10. Bluetooth Technically Speaking . . . Bluetooth Radio • Small Size • 0.5 square inches in production • Eventually moving to a single chip solution • Low power • 2.7V (1.62 - 2.75V) • 300 A standby, 30 A in sleep, 60 A hold/park • 3 - 30 mA when transmitting • 1 or 100 mW active power • Low Price • $25 projected to come down to around $5 OEM integration cost • Designed for CMOS single chip solution Bluetooth Module Bluetooth Link Controller

  11. Technical Features • 2.4 GHz ISM Open band • Globally free available frequency, 89 MHz of spectrum available • FFH/DS Hybrid Radio • 10 -100 m range, personal bubble • 8 active devices per piconet (share datarate) • Up to 10 piconets in bubble (full datarate) • 1 Mbps gross rate • Future version: 2 Mbps • Simultaneous voice/data capable • 432 Kbps (full duplex), 721/56 Kbps (asymmetric) • or • 3 simultaneous full duplex voice per piconet (CVSD@64 Kbps). • or a combination of data and voice

  12. Battery Life Time • Estimates calculated with 600 mAh battery and internal amplifier, power will vary with implementation and application • Low power consumption • Standby current 0.3 mA • > 3 months • Voice mode 10 mA (one voice channel) • > 60 hours • Data mode average 6 mA (20% utilization) • > 100 hours • Low Power Architecture • Programmable data length (else radio sleeps) • Hold and Park modes 60 µA • Devices connected but not participating • Device can participate within 2 ms

  13. Robust Data and Voice Transfer • Bluetooth is designed to be robust • Open band interference is negotiated by: • 1600 frequency hops/s • Short and flexible data packets • Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ) • Forward Error Correction (FEC) • 16 bit Cyclic Redundancy Check • Speech coding: • Continuos Variable Slope Delta modulation (CVSD)

  14. Bluetooth Scalable Security • Provides link layer security between any two Bluetooth radios • Authentication (E1 algorithm) • Challenge/Response system • Encryption (privacy) • Encrypts data between two devices • Stream cipher with E0 algorithm • Key management and usage • Configurable Encryption key length (0-16 bytes) • Government export regulations • Radio negotiate key size • Key generation with E2-E3 algorithms • Authentication and Encryption keys

  15. Topology • Radio range has two varieties • Short range (10 meters or less) • 0 dBm radio, 1mW • Optimized for short range devices • Headset, Mouse, Keyboard, etc. ... • Longer range (100 meters or less) • 20 dBm radio, 100 mW • Module has a power amplifier built-in • Optimized for devices changing environments • Notebooks, cellphones, access points, etc. …

  16. Topology • Radio/Baseband • Master/Slave medium access • Radio/Baseband is symmetric • Connected devices can be master or slave • Could be master and slave concurrently

  17. Topology • Piconet • All devices in a piconet hop together • Frequency hopping sequence is determined by the masters ID • Phase of the frequency hopping sequence is determined by the masters clock

  18. Topology • Piconet • Point to Point • Point to Multipoint • No base station is needed • 8 concurrent devices • More than 200 active devices • 1 Mb/s gross rate

  19. Topology • Scatternet • Devices can share piconets • Interpiconet communication • Instant Ad-hoc connections • 10 Piconets • Aggregated 10 Mb/s

  20. Topology • Mobile Topology • All device are mobile • Walknet: • The whole piconet cell is mobile • Make and Brake Connections

  21. Topology, Scatternet slave 1 slave 3 slave 4 master master slave 2 slave 5

  22. Frequency Hopping

  23. Connection Procedure • Standby • Waiting to join a piconet • Inquire • Finding devices • Page • Connect to a known device • Connected • Actively on a piconet (master or slave) • Park/Hold • Low Power connected states

  24. Page and Inquire Scans • A radio must be enabled to accept pages or inquires (also in connected state)

  25. Bluetooth Protocol Stack Provided vCard vCal Still Image Obex WAP Application Framework Adapted Control HID TCP/IP RFComm Basic L2CAP HCI Audio Link Man. Baseband Radio

  26. SRAM CPU Link Manager BASEBAND Link Control RADIO RF Section Flash Host Interface Ericsson Bluetooth CoreFunctional Partitioning

  27. LP RX- filter balun RF IC Antenna Switch Switch Filter PA VCO- TX- tank balun Control &data Radio Module • Filters and baluns integrated into LTCC substrate • RF IC flip chip mounted • Laser trimming used to optimize performance • 100mW optional version with PA and Optional Gain Control (- 30 to +20 dBm) • Small outline BGA type package • 1mW: 10.2 x 14 x 1.6 mm • 100mW: 10.2 x 16 x 1.6 mm

  28. First Complete Module Antenna Flash Link Controller Radio Host interface USB UART/PCM (Optional) PA

  29. First Complete Module • Key Features • FCC type approved • Interface through USB, UART or PCM • Bluetooth 1.0 pre-certified • USB 1.1 compliant (Voice and Data) • Small size, 33x17x3.36 mm • Generic SW (HCI, L2CAP, RFCOMM)

  30. Ericsson Bluetooth Core Complete Module SW-stack Higher Layers L2CAP HCI Bluetooth host Bluetooth complete module HCI Link Manager BaseBand Radio

  31. What is the Developer’s Kit? • Demonstrator of Bluetooth technology • Starter kit for product development • Application software development platform • Increase integration with option to do embedded SW

  32. Qualification and Type Approval Bluetooth Devices Qualification Program Regulatory Type Approval Bluetooth Identity 'License to sell' & Global Market

  33. Qualification Program - Concept Accreditation Product including documentation and declaration (ICS) Authorized Test houses Blue- tooth Quali- fication Body Feedback Test results Manufacturer Logo approval Authorize Bluetooth Administrative Instance Preliminary!

  34. Bluetooth Moves Fast... Web sites for latest news • www.bluetooth.com • www.ericsson.se/bluetooth • WWW.bluetoothinchina.com END

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