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Cloud Computing

Cloud Computing. Imranul Hoque. Today’s Cloud Computing. This Talk. What is cloud computing? Types of services What makes cloud computing popular? Case studies Amazon Web Services Eucalyptus. Examples. A credit card company A researcher running scientific computing experiments

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Cloud Computing

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  1. Cloud Computing Imranul Hoque

  2. Today’s Cloud Computing

  3. This Talk • What is cloud computing? • Types of services • What makes cloud computing popular? • Case studies • Amazon Web Services • Eucalyptus

  4. Examples • A credit card company • A researcher running scientific computing experiments • A web-based book store • A social network startup

  5. Types of Service • Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) • Amazon EC2, Go-Grid, Eucalyptus, etc. • Software as a Service (SaaS) • NetSuite (accounting), WorkDay (HR), etc. • Platform as a Service (PaaS) • Google AppEngine, Coghead, etc.

  6. Important Features • The illusion of infinite computing resources available on demand • The elimination of an up-front commitment by cloud users • The ability to pay for use of computing resources on a short-term basis as needed • Result: Convert capital expenditure to operational expenditure

  7. Amazon Web Services • Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) • Amazon Simple Queuing Service (SQS) • Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) • Amazon Simple DB (SDB) • Amazon Elastic Block Storage (EBS)

  8. Amazon Simple Storage Service • Programmatic access via web services API • Highly scalable data storage in the cloud • Simple to get going, simple to use • Fast, highly available, and durable • Economic: $0.15/GB-month • 64 billion objects • Notable users: SmugMug, Jungle Disk, Twitter, etc.

  9. Amazon EC2 • Resizable Compute Capacity • As much as you need, when you need it • Scale up or down in minutes • Complete Control via API • Create, scale, and manage instances programmatically • Variety of Instance Sizes • CPU Power, Cores, RAM, Disk • Wide Variety of Pre-built AMIs (Amazon Machine Images) • Hit the ground running with minimal system building effort • Secure and Flexible Network Security Model • Full control of access for each running instance

  10. AWS: Interesting Facts • The Washington Post • 200 EC2 instances (1,407 server hours), convert 17,481 pages of Hillary Clinton’s travel documents within 9 hours • The New York Times • 100 Amazon EC2 instances + Hadoop to convert 4TB TIFF image into 1.1 million PDFs in 24 hours • Animoto.com • 50 to 3500 servers in 3 days

  11. Eucalyptus • Open-source software infrastructure for cloud computing • Interface compatible with EC2, S3, and EBS Get me 3small Instances

  12. Architecture Cloud Controller Cluster Controller Cluster Controller Node Controller

  13. Architecture (2) • Node Controller • Runs VMs • Xen/KVM • Interfaces • runInstance(), describeInstance(), terminateInstance(), describeResource(), startNetwork() Dom0 OS DomU OS DomU OS Xen Hardware

  14. Architecture (3) • Cluster Controller • Access to both public and private network • Gather state information from NC • Schedule incoming VM execution request to NCs • Cloud Controller • User visible entry point • Key management • S3-interface compatible file system (Walrus) • Global scheduling

  15. Event Sequence Cloud Controller Cluster Controller Node Controller Node Controller Xen Xen

  16. Networking Modes • System • Use system settings • Static • Get IP from a mapping of <mac, ip> • Managed • Create a private network and get IP from that • Managed No-VLAN • Same as Managed, but no isolation

  17. Internal Cluster Configuration 172.22.28.192/26 172.22.28.130 cn120 172.22.28.131 172.22.28.132 172.22.28.133 cn121 cn122 cn123

  18. Internal Cluster Configuration (2) • 8 Machines: 1 CC/CLC, 7 NCs • OS: CentOS 5.3 (NCs running Xen kernel) • Eucalyptus version: 1.5.2 • Hardware: HP DL160 (2 Quad Core + 16 GB RAM + 2 TB Disk) • VM kernel: 2.6.27.21-0.1-xen • VM Image: • FC, CentOS, Ubuntu, Hadoop

  19. Improvement Suggestions • Fault tolerance of cloud and cluster controller • Avoid single point of failure • Make Walrus distributed • Efficiency of access • Avoid single point of failure • Auto-scaling for Eucalyptus • Possible metrics: network, cpu, etc.

  20. Demo • Admin interface • https://cn120.cloud.cs.illinois.edu:8443/ • ec2-api-tools • Version 1.3-30349 • Elasticfox • Modified for Eucalyptus • Other • Boto, Typica, Jets3t, etc.

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