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Lenin’s Russia. Lenin Seizes power & builds an Empire 1917-1924. Reform Movement in Russia. Existed long before the Revolution began in 1917 1891-92 famine produced “social awakening” among educated classes People, however, did not agree on the type of change needed
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Lenin’s Russia Lenin Seizes power & builds an Empire 1917-1924
Reform Movement in Russia • Existed long before the Revolution began in 1917 • 1891-92 famine produced “social awakening” among educated classes • People, however, did not agree on the type of change needed • Duma included “moderates” seeking a constitutional monarchy • Czar rule was destined to change => yet the outcome of the revolution was unpredictable in 1917
Bolsheviks • What: Russian Marxist group • Leader: Vladimir Lenin • Goal: communist revolution in Russia • How: have a small group of committed revolutionariesforce radical social/political change on Russia
(Reading…) What is Marxism? Private Property Means of production
Fall of Czar Rule March 1917: Textile workers strike in Petrograd March 1917: Nicholas II steps down, family executed 1918 Leaders of Duma form Provisional Government Soviets are formed (local councils consisting of workers, peasants & soldiers) April 1917Lenin returns to Russia
Lenin promises a new way to govern: “All Power to Soviets”
Lenin Seizes Power • Lenin and his Bolsheviks seize power in November 1917 • Lenin seizes power through violence (at gunpoint) • He then moved to ruthlessly destroy opposition • Lenin distributes land to peasants and factories to workers • Will Marxism work?
What is to be done? • Primary Source Reading
TIMELINE Lenin takes power in 1917 Signs treaty of Brest-Litovsk 1918 Russia falls into Civil War 1918-20 15 million people die! (war, famine, disease) Economy destroyed!
Lenin is victorious in Civil War 1920 Economic Reforms New Economic Policy 1921 Allowed some Capitalism Encouraged foreign investment
Political Reforms Organized Russia into self-ruling Republics 1922 named Russia the USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) Bolsheviks rename party the Communist Party Became a dictatorship of the Communist Party
Lenin dies in 1924 53-Years old Who would take his place?
Power Struggle Leon Trotsky Joseph Stalin