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Clinical Coach Standardisation Meeting. August 2011. Aims. Define Practical Skills How can practical skills be learnt? How can practical skills be taught Why is assessment important? How can this be done in a robust way?. What are practical skills?. Doing! BUT
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Clinical Coach Standardisation Meeting August 2011
Aims • Define Practical Skills • How can practical skills be learnt? • How can practical skills be taught • Why is assessment important? • How can this be done in a robust way?
What are practical skills? • Doing! • BUT • Require underpinning knowledge & understanding • Require ability to perform a dextrous task • Can be simple or complex • May require fine or gross motor skills • Acquisition is a life long process: • child adult
Practical Skills in Veterinary Nursing • Technical • Animal care and welfare • First Aid • Preparation & administration of medication • Diagnostic procedures • Clinical Care Procedures • Equipment prep & maintenance Professional Communication Team Working Teaching Conduct Business Staff Management Stock Control Reception Duties Payments Estimates Health & Safety
Psychomotor • (Practical Skills) Blooms Taxonomy • Imitation • Manipulation • Precision • Articulation • Naturalisation
Skill Aquisition • Dreyfus (1980) proposed a model of how to acquire skills • Applied to nursing by Benner (1984) • Progressive level of skill based on experience
Conscious Competence Model and its Professional Application Reflective Competence
Teaching a skill • Stage 1 Demonstration of skill at normal speed with little/no explanation. Stage 2 Repetition with full explanation and encouraging learner to ask questions. Stage 3 Demonstration again with learner explaining each step and teacher questioning and correcting. May need to be repeated multiple times. Stage 4 Learner performs skill under close supervision describing each step before performing it.
Workplace teaching & learning - Limitations • Time and clinical constraints • Effect on smooth running of a business • Ability and willingness of staff whose main role is not teaching • Availability of teaching opportunities • Variability in technique • Non compliant patients
Simulations • Allows learning to be in a safe & controlled environment • Lots of opportunities to practice • Standard techniques can be taught • Less time constrained • BUT • Experience NOT real • Not possible for all tasks • May result in poor application in practice
Assessment – Why? • Have learning outcomes been met? • Are learners - Competent, Reliable, Safe. • Can knowledge and practical skills be used together in a problem solving context? • Important for public confidence and professional registration
Assessment of practical skills must be……. • Feasible • Credible • Have educational impact • Defensible • Supported by body of evidence in the literature • Acceptable to all stakeholders