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Introduction to Plant Reproduction. Introduction to AgriScience and Technology GHS Mr. Ham. Objective 1.1 Define Propagation. Propagation The reproduction of plants either sexually or asexually. Objective 1.2 Define sexual reproduction and the terms associated with it.
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Introduction to Plant Reproduction Introduction to AgriScience and Technology GHS Mr. Ham
Objective 1.1Define Propagation • Propagation • The reproduction of plants either sexually or asexually.
Objective 1.2Define sexual reproduction and the terms associated with it. • Sexual Reproduction: • The union of the female and male sex cells to produce a seed (embryo). • Ovule: female sex cell. • Pollen: male sex cell. • Embryo (seed-germ): an immature plant. • *Sexual reproduction involves the creation of a genetically new individual.
Objective 1.3List and explain the different types of seeds. • Monocots: • Seeds with one seed leaf. • Leaves have parallel veins. • 1 solid seed. • Stem vacular bundles scattered. • Roots are adventitious • Flowers in multiples of three. • Pollen with single furrow or pore
Dicots • Seeds with 2 seed leaves or 2 cotyledons • Veins are “webbed.” • Pollen with three furrows or pores. • Flowers parts in multiples of four or five. • Stem vascular bundles in a ring.
Objective 1.4List and explain the different types of flowers. • Complete • Incomplete
Complete Flowers • Sepals • The outer part of the flower. • In open flowers, the sepals are found at the base of the plant.
PetalsThe brightly colored, soft tissue that attracts insects.
Stamens • The male part of the flower that has an anther at the end of it to produce pollen.
Pistil • Stigma • The opening of the pistil. • Style • The tube-like structure that connects the stigma and ovary. • Ovary • The site of fertilization and growth of the seed.
Incomplete Flower • An incomplete flower is one that lacks one or more of the four principal components identified in a complete flower.
Objective 1.5Explain the difference between a perfect and imperfect flower • A perfect flower is one with both the stamen and pistil • An imperfect flower is one that lacks one of the sex organs.
Objective 1.6Define pollination, fertilization and germination. • Pollination • The transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma of a flower of the same species. • Fertilization • The union of the pollen and ovule cells. • Germination • The sprouting of a seed.
Objective 1.7Define asexual reproduction • Asexual Reproduction: • The reproduction of a plant without the uniting of a pollen and ovule. • Asexual reproduction is often referred to as vegetative propagation since no seed is involved in the formation of the new plant. • It is known as a clone. • Leaves, stems or roots may be used to grow a new plant. • *Produces a genetically identical plant.
Objective 1.8List the benefits of vegetative propagation. • True traits of the parents • Maintains genetic purity with • 100% replication of parent plant. • No seed • Some plants do not produce a seed or the seeds are too small to work with. • Accelerates the time it takes to get a new plant to the market • Traditionally, it would take up to 40 years to get a new plant to the general public; however, micropropagation can yield marketable levels of plants within 8 to 12 years.
Objective 1.9List and explain the different types of vegetative propagation. • Layering • Involves getting roots to grow from the stem. I.e., magnolia tree • Cutting • Using a short section of plant stems for propagation. • Budding • Taking a bud from one plant and moving it to another. • Grafting • Placing a section of a stem of one plant onto another plant. • Tissue culture • Taking a group of cells or a single cell and growing it to a plant.
