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Density

Density. Discussion of the pressures and impacts from high (and low) population densities Impacts from the requirements generated by dense populations in small areas. Canada - density about 5 per km 2 USA - density about 24 per km 2 Japan - density about 292 per km 2.

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Density

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  1. Density • Discussion of the pressures and impacts from high (and low) population densities • Impacts from the requirements generated by dense populations in small areas

  2. Canada - density about 5 per km2 USA - density about 24 per km2 Japan - density about 292 per km2 1,800 golf courses .. 14,400 golf courses . 1,850 golf courses Population Density and Golf(98)

  3. Golf in Japan • In 1957 Japanese golfers won the world cup - the popularity of the sport exploded • In 1998 Japan was the second largest market in the world for golf equipment • In a population of 120 million only 2% can play with any regularity

  4. Problems

  5. Pressure • Public greens fees start at $250 (US) • golfers can purchase rain insurance • Private clubs start an initiation fee at $200,000 • Tokyo’s Koganei Club has an initiation fee of $2.7 million (US)

  6. Recession Causes Golf Club Membership Fees in Japan to Drop to $184,000 • Tokyo Yomiuri Country Club is one of Japan’s most upscale clubs. The price to join $184,000. And this price is DOWN 40%! • Greens fees about $140

  7. Response

  8. From 1994 to 1997 Japanese companies spent over $2 Billion (US) acquiring US golf courses • Japanese firms control all of Hawaii’s golf courses • Japanese money is a key player in the PGA, LPGA, and USPGA tours

  9. Vital Rates • Birth and Death rates in a society • Rate at which people are added (through natality) or subtracted (through mortality) • Usually expressed per 1,000 pop

  10. Sex Ratios • Number of males to 100 females in a society • expectation of balance • imbalance - ?

  11. Canada sex ratio • At birth: 1.06 male(s)/female • Under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female • 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female • 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female • total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

  12. Age Splits • Distribution amongst age groups • Expectation of variance • Link - age to patterns and characteristics (of recreational choices and participation)

  13. Dependency Ratios • Two major ratios are OADR (old age dependency ratio 65+) and YDR (youth dependency ratio 0 - 14) • Comparison to the ‘working population’ aged 15 - 64 • Combination in the TDR (total dependency ratio (Canada 2008 TDR 43.5 ) • All have links to facility development

  14. Numbers in Canada • In 2001, 12.8% of pop. Over 65 • By 2041, ~23% will be over 65

  15. Population Pyramids • Double bar graph that looks at age and sex • advantage in simplicity • graph split into left (males) and right (females) halves • Vertical axis represents age groupings (link to census) • Horizontal axis deals with population numbers or % of population

  16. Example Pyramids

  17. Advantages

  18. Disadvantages

  19. Understanding of specific groups of populations

  20. Small area populations

  21. Predictive QualitiesCanada - 2038

  22. Canadian Populationto the 90’s • The history of population growth in Canada has been one of ebbs and flows • migrants enter • migrants dribble away • 1851 - 1951 7.1 million immigrants but 6.6 million emigrants

  23. Traditional Comprehension

  24. Implications for Recreation

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