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MANIFOLDS and HEADS

MANIFOLDS and HEADS. Chapter 8 Classroom Manual Page 179. CBC AUTOMOTIVE RK. OBJECTIVES. Explain the function of the intake manifold. Explain the function of the exhaust manifold. Describe the function of the valve spring. Explain the differences in valve stem seals.

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MANIFOLDS and HEADS

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  1. MANIFOLDS and HEADS • Chapter 8 • Classroom Manual • Page 179 CBC AUTOMOTIVE RK

  2. OBJECTIVES • Explain the function of the intake manifold. • Explain the function of the exhaust manifold. • Describe the function of the valve spring. • Explain the differences in valve stem seals. • Describe the purpose in valve guides & the difference between intregal & insert types. CBC AUTOMOTIVE RK

  3. OBJECTIVES • Describe the function of the valve seats. • List & describe the function of the valve parts. • Determine the causes of common valve malfunctions. • Determine abnormal valve seat wear. • Describe the different types of combustion chambers. CBC AUTOMOTIVE RK

  4. INTRODUCTION • Proper combustion requires the engine to “breathe” properly. • Intake & Exhaust manifolds & Valve train must all work together. • Cylinder head design affects power. • Discuss common types of failures. • Determine normal & Abnormal wear. CBC AUTOMOTIVE RK

  5. Intake Materials Cast Iron Aluminum Plastic Manifold Types Single Plane Dual Plane Runner Design Exhaust Materials Cast Iron Steel Tubing Stainless Steel Tubing Manifold Types Factory cast Tube Headers Runner Design MANIFOLDS CBC AUTO RK

  6. INTAKE MANIFOLD • Runners are Level • Equal runner length and cross section. • Wet or Dry • Inlet temp 100 • Exhaust crossover passage CBC AUTOMOTIVE RK

  7. DUAL PLANE

  8. PRE-HEAT SYSTEM

  9. BIMETAL SENSOR

  10. EXHAUST MANIFOLD • A restriction of exhaust gas flow can result in excessive backpressure. • Proper tuning of the exhaust manifold (headers) creates a vacuum that assists in air/fuel mixture induction into the cylinder. CBC AUTOMOTIVE RK Page 182

  11. CYLINDER HEADS • Valves • Seats • Springs • Combustion Chamber • Expansion rate differences • Electrolysis CBC AUTOMOTIVE RK Page 184

  12. CYLINDER HEAD

  13. VALVE MALFUNCTIONS • Burned Valves • Channeling - page 190 • Metal Erosion • Breakage • Valve Stem Wear - page 191 CBC AUTOMOTIVE RK Page 188

  14. VALVES Impropervalve seat finish. Heat transfer.

  15. VALVE SEATS • There are two types of seats: • Intregal valve seats. • Removable valve seats. • Materials • Cast Iron • Bronze • Various Stainless Steel Alloys • Seat Recession CBC AUTOMOTIVE RK Page 192

  16. VALVE SPRINGS • Valve springs close the valve against its seat. • And maintain tension in the valve train. • Valves open & close 50/sec @ 6000 RPM. • Valve float is when the lifter leaves the cam surface. • Heat destroys springs. • Do NOT clean springs in hot tank. CBC AUTOMOTIVE RK Page 194

  17. VALVE GUIDES • Two types of Valve Guides: • Intregal • Insert • Materials • Cast Iron • Bronze • Some Guides MUST be removed in a specific direction. CBC AUTOMOTIVE RK Page 195

  18. VALVE SEALS • Valve Stem Seal Materials • Polyaceate 250 • Neopreme 300 • Viton 440 • Teflon • Valve Stem Seal Types • O-Ring • Umbrella • Positive CBC AUTOMOTIVE RK Page 196

  19. ROCKER ARMS • Typical ratio 1.5 : 1 • Check fulcrum or stud for wear. • Check tip and pushrod socket. • Adjustable or non-adjustable. CBC AUTOMOTIVE RK Page 197

  20. COMPONENT RELATIONSHIP • As the valve and seat are ground, the valve tip will extend farther thru the head. • This will change valve spring pressure. • And rocker arm alignment. CBC AUTOMOTIVE RK Page 197

  21. COMBUSTION CHAMBER DESIGNS • Wedge Chamber - page 198 • Hemispherical Chamber • Swirl Chamber - page 199 • Chamber-in Piston • Pentroof Chamber - page 200 • Fast Burn • Tumble Port - page 201 • Stratified Charge Chamber CBC AUTOMOTIVE RK

  22. Preignition page 203 Detonation Page 204 THE COMBUSTION PROCESS CBC AUTOMOTIVE RK Page 202

  23. MULTIVALVE ENGINES CBC AUTOMOTIVE RK Page 204

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