Friday, May 23 rd

1. Friday, May 23rd Announcements • No Groups • Make-up Competency Checks – ON YOUR OWN ASAP • 3 School Days Until US History EOC • Senior Stuff • TODAY – Teacher Auction (#missiontogonumberone) • May 26th – No School (Memorial Day) • May 29th – Senior Honors Night; US HISTORY EOC!!!!! • May 30th – CCR Field Day • June 3rd – Grad Practice and Cap & Gown Photo @ 8 AM (FC) • June 4th – Grad Practice @ 9 AM (Broadbent Arena) • June 5th – Senior Field Day • June 6th – Senior Slideshow & Senior Walk • June 9th – Graduation

2. Friday, May 23rd Agenda • Immigration, Industrialism, Progressive Quiz (15 mins) • Review Games • Imperialism Game (25 mins) • Jeopardy Review WWI (20 mins) • PPT Review w/Coach Abell

3. How To Build An Empire

4. Imperialism • When one country takes over an area outside of its boundaries. Usually for economic gain. • Direct Imperialism: One state takes control of the government of another state or territory through political or military means • In-direct Imperialism: One state, through economic processes, links itself to a self-governed nation or territory and exerts unequal control over trade with that nation or territory • Also called expansionism

5. Imperialism • Manifest Destiny becomes expansionism and stretches beyond the borders of the continental U.S. beginning in the mid 19th century with Hawaii • Once we hit the pacific ocean we wanted to keep going

6. WHY IMPERIALISM? 1) Desire for Military strength-more land, more power 2) Thirst for new markets- people to buy our stuff and new stuff to buy 3) Belief in Cultural Superiority-teach them all how to act like white, Protestants

7. Alfred Mahan

8. Great White Fleet • President Theodore Roosevelt decided to expand the US Navy • 16 battleships divided into two squadrons, along with various escorts. • Hoping to enforce treaties and protect overseas holdings (scare people) • The hulls of these ships were painted a stark white, which is why the armada was known as the Great White Fleet

9. Hawaii • 1826 - First treaty signed – “Friends and trade partners” • 1875 – No duties, taxes, or tariffs for Americans in Hawaii • 1887 Monarchy falls and only wealthy land owners can vote. • Business man Sanford Dole rules Hawaii

10. U.S. TAKES HAWAII • To avoid import taxes (tariffs), sugar growers pleaded for annexation • The U.S. knew the value of the Islands – they had built a naval base at Pearl Harbor in 1887 • Led by Sanford Dole, American annexed Hawaii in 1898 • Dole immediately “gave it” to Hawaii

11. THE U.S. ACQUIRES ALASKA Alaska

12. THE U.S. ACQUIRES ALASKA • In 1867, Secretary of State William Seward arranged for the United States to buy Alaska from the Russians for $7.2 million (2 cents an acre) • Some thought it was a silly idea and called it “Seward’s Icebox” & “Sewards Folly • Alaska is rich in timber, minerals and oil

13. THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR Cuba is just 90 miles south of Florida

14. Problems in Cuba • Cuba was a Spanish colony • Anti-Spain sentiment in Cuba soon erupted into a war for independence • Led by poet Jose Marti, Cuba attempted a revolution in 1895 • Marti deliberately destroyed property, including American sugar plants, hoping to provoke American intervention • If our money got messed up we would “fix” the situation

15. YELLOW JOURNALISM • Hearst • Pulitzer • Headline Wars • http://watchmojo.com/video/id/6937/

16. Yellow Journalism • Newspaper publishers William Randolph Hearst (remember the weed story)and Joseph Pulitzer exaggerated Spanish atrocities and brutality in “Headline Wars” • They didn’t care if it was true • The crazier the story the more papers they sold • Americans read the stories and felt sympathy for the Cuban people

17. Remember the Maine!!!

18. WAR ERUPTS WITH SPAIN • JINGOISM – extreme patriotism in the form of foreign diplomacy

19. Rough Riders Charge in

20. Areas involved in the war

21. A Big Turkey Shoot • Spanish fleet destroyed at Battle of Santiago Bay • As a result of the destruction of the Spanish fleet, the war with Spain was ended

22. SAN JUAN HILL AND MANILA

23. U.S. WINS; SIGNS TREATY OF PARIS • The U.S. and Spain signed an armistice on August 12, 1898, ending what Secretary of State John Hay called “a splendid little war” • The war lasted only 16 weeks • Cuba was now an American protectorate • U.S. receives Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines • Philippines actually purchased for $20 million Treaty of Paris, 1898

24. Spoils of War • United states gains Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Cuba from Spain • The Phillipines fought for Independence. • Why keep Philipines? • U.S. uses concentration camps in the Phillipines • More economic opportunity

25. CUBA AND THE UNITED STATES The U.S. still has a base in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba

26. Platt Amendment • Cuba no treaties • US can intervene in Cuba • Cannot go into further debt • US could buy/lease land • Cuba becomes protectorate • US Gets two military bases on Cuba

27. FOREIGN INFLUENCE IN CHINA Foreign nations were opening the door to China’s trade

28. China: Getting our Piece of the Pie • Nations carved “spheres of influence” claiming only they could trade within that sphere • U.S. institutes “Open Door” policy • The ruler of China hopes to institute a “Closed Door” policy

29. China: The Boxer Rebellion • Righteous Harmony Society Movement • Overthrow foreign influence • Anti-imperialism • Anti-Christian • Rebellion fails • Harsh punishments and fines

30. AMERICA AS A WORLD POWER • Two events signaled America’s continued climb toward being the #1 world power • 1) Roosevelt negotiated a settlement between Russia and Japan who had been at War – his successful efforts in negotiating the Treaty of Portsmouth won Roosevelt the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize • 2) Construction of Panama Canal The Nobel Peace Prize is awarded annually

31. Monroe Doctrine • Signed by President Monroe 1823 • Stated that further efforts by European countries to colonize land or interfere with states in the Americas would be viewed by the United States of America as acts of aggression requiring US intervention • Largely ignored at the time, it becomes highly important in the late 19th century to today

32. Roosevelt Corollary • 1904 “amendment to Monroe Doctrine • asserted a right of the United States to intervene in order to "stabilize" the economic affairs of small states if they were unable to pay their international debts • Haiti, Niccaragua, Dominican Republic, and Cuba

33. “Big Stick” Policy • “Speak softly and carry a big stick.“ • The “Big Stick” policy is the idea of negotiating peacefully, while simultaneously threatening with the “big stick” - the military

34. Taft's Dollar Diplomacy • U.S. guaranteed Latin American loans • Taft – relation go from “war like and political” to “peaceful and economic” • U.S. exerts control over Latin America through the debt Latin America owes to the U.S. • Creates tensions in Latin America – Military intervention

35. BUILDING THE PANAMA CANAL 1904-1914 Cost- $380 million Workers– Over 40,000 (5,600 died) Time – Construction took 10 years

36. Panama Canal • French begin a canal in 1880, but fail to finish it • U.S. initially proposes canal in Niccaragua, as there “big stick” is already there • U.S. decides on Panama and supports Panamanian revolt against Columbian control • U.S. buys French equipment and construction rights for $40 million and begins construction May 4, 1904 • U.S. later pays Columbia $25 million for our role in the Panama independence movement.

37. Panama Canal cont… • Rather than a traditional “sea level” canal U.S. uses system of locks and dams • Yellow Fever sweeps through the camp • Canal completed in 1914, 2 years ahead of schedule • U.S. maintains control of the Panama Canal until Decemebr 31, 1999, and in part Panama’s economy