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Motion: process of changing place

Instructional Objectives : 1.Research on motion and force 2. Research using virtual investigations Homework: Monday- Notes 79-81 Ch.11) Vocabulary Tuesday- Notes 82-83 Study Vocabulary Wednesday- Speed and velocity worksheet Thursday- Speed, Velocity, and acceleration worksheet.

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Motion: process of changing place

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  1. Instructional Objectives : 1.Research on motion and force2. Research using virtual investigations Homework: Monday- Notes 79-81 Ch.11) Vocabulary Tuesday- Notes 82-83 Study Vocabulary Wednesday- Speed and velocity worksheet Thursday- Speed, Velocity, and acceleration worksheet

  2. Motion:process of changing place • Distance: how far something has moved (This does not deal with direction!!!) • Displacement: how far something has moved in a DIRECTION

  3. Measuring Displacements Think about the motion of a roller coaster car. • The length of the path along which the car has traveled is distance. • Displacement is the direction from the starting point to the car and the length of the straight line between them. • After completing a trip around the track, the car’s displacement is zero.

  4. Combining Displacements • Add the magnitudes of two displacement vectors that have the same direction. • Two displacement vectors with opposite directions are subtracted from each other.

  5. Location • Position: an object’s location • Reference Point: a known position used to locate something Ex: - The car is next to the blue truck.

  6. Rate • A rate is how often something happens. Ex: 4 meters every second or 12 drops every minute.

  7. SPEED • the rate that something changes its position • Ex: 50 miles per hour

  8. Two types of speed • Instantaneous speed: the rate of motion at a given instant in time (happens right now). • Constant speed: unchanging speed

  9. Average speed • the total distance traveled divide by the total time • is what we can calculate.

  10. Scaler and Vector • Scaler : a measurement that has no specific direction • Vector : a measurement having a specific direction

  11. Calculating Speed • Speed = Total Distance. Total Time • Speed Units are: • miles/hour, • meters/second, • feet/minute, and other such units.

  12. Instructional Objectives : 1.Learn the difference between positive and negative accelerations2. Learn the difference between speed and velocity

  13. Speed Problem #1 • A truck travels 40 Km. in 20 minutes. Find its speed. • Solution: Speed = 40 Km. . 20 min. Speed = 2 Km./min.

  14. Speed Problem #2 • An airplane is traveling at 200 miles/hr. for 5 hours. How far does it travel? • Solution:200 m/hr = Distance (Dist.= Speed x T.) 5 hr. Distance = 1000 miles

  15. Speed Problem #3 • How long does it take a boy to run 500 meters at 5 m/sec? • Solution: 5 m/s = 500 m . Time (Time x 5 m/sec = 500 m) Time = 100 seconds

  16. Velocity 1 • Velocity: speed in a certain direction • (Velocity ALWAYS has a DIRECTION !!!!!!) • Ex:5 miles/hr East or 20 meters/sec downward.

  17. Velocity 2 • Velocity MUST ALWAYS show a DIRECTION!!!!!!!! If it does not show a direction, you have reported a SPEED!!!!!!!!!!!

  18. Velocity Problem #1 • A turtle crawls 200 meters North in 20 minutes. Find its velocity. • Solution: Speed = 200 meters (Add direction) 20 mins. Velocity = 10 m/min. North

  19. Speed Graphs 1 • Distanceon Y-axis & Time on X-axis. • Slopeof line is Speed!

  20. Speed Graphs 2 • Slope of Red Line is 2400 - 0 m. 30 - 0 min. Or 80 m/min(this is speed)

  21. Instructional Objectives : 1.Identify positive and negative accelerations2. Learn the difference between speed and velocity

  22. What is Acceleration? Change in Speed- Ex: negative acceleration and positive acceleration Constant speed means zero acceleration Change in direction -car traveling in a circle Change in Speed and direction -Ex: Roller coaster Constant Acceleration -Steady change in velocity

  23. Acceleration What is ? • Acceleration: the rate of change in velocity • Positive Acceleration is a Gainin speed. • Negative Accelerationis a Lossin speed.

  24. Calculating Acceleration 1 • Use the following formula: acceleration=velocity change. time or a = vf - vi. t

  25. Acceleration Units • Acceleration Units: m/sec2, miles/hour/sec., yards/min.2, or such as this

  26. Positive Acceleration is when velocity increases.

  27. Negative Acceleration • is when velocity decreases. • Always subtract velocitiesfirst then divide by the time.

  28. Acceleration Problem #1a • A motorcycle accelerates from 20 miles/hr to 80miles/hr in 6 seconds. What is its rate of acceleration?

  29. Answer to Problem #1a • Acc. = Vf - Vi = 80 - 20 m/h . t 6 sec Acc. = 60 m/h = 10 m/h/sec . 6 sec acceleration . is positive.

  30. Acceleration Problem #2a • A car slams on brakes when traveling at 200 meters/sec and stops in 10 seconds. What was the car’s rate of acceleration?

  31. Answer to Problem #2 • Acc. = Vf - Vi = 0 -200 m/sec. t 10 sec Acc=- 200 m/sec = -20m/s/s . 10 sec or -20 m/s2 . (Acceleration is negative.)

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