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Assessing soil erosion and conservation with various methodologies at different scales

Assessing soil erosion and conservation with various methodologies at different scales. MOROCCAN DESIRE TEAM. Symposium Assessing benefits of SLM-Key for success. Rabat 2009. Sehoul is located between Oued Bouregreg and Grou.

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Assessing soil erosion and conservation with various methodologies at different scales

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  1. Assessing soil erosion and conservation with various methodologies at different scales MOROCCAN DESIRE TEAM Symposium Assessing benefits of SLM-Key for success Rabat 2009

  2. Sehoul is located between Oued Bouregreg and Grou is part of the natural geographic unit "Plateau Central Marocain". Marginal land with a high rate of poverty and important indicators of degradation Land degradation, characterized by high variability and chronic shortage in term of natural resources.

  3. The assessed approaches Assisted regeneration of cork oak Rainfed tree plantation: olive associated with annual cultivation Fodder cultivation: e.g. the lupine Crop rotation Cereal / leguminous

  4. METHODOLOGY

  5. Results

  6. Crop rotation: Cereal / Leguminous 1- Increased soil protection by providing better cover Cereal / leguminous rotation vegetation cover reached 65,5% Cereal / Cereal rotation  vegetation cover is < 50 % 2- Maintaining and improving soil fertility

  7. 3- Improving soil structural stability Crop rotation (cereal/leguminous): Improves soil resistance to compaction and limits surface crusting.

  8. 4- Soil moisture

  9. The Rainfed fruit tree plantation associated with annual cultivations 1- Protecting the soil surface (vegetation cover) In the olive grove (15 years), we recorded the most important herbaceous cover (66%). However, the average cover of herbaceous in the rotation Cereal / Cereal does not exceed 52,5%. 2- Improvement of soil fertility and surface characteristics

  10. Fodder cultivation: (the lupine) Lupin: offers the best vegetation cover Offers a medium organic matter content in the soil.

  11. Assessment of soil erosion by 137Cs measurements barley/wheat rotation vine monoculture leguminous/ wheat rotation

  12. Medium termassessmentof Erosion rates ~50 years Less erosion for wheat /leguminous crop rotation

  13. Rainfall simulation technique: Soil loss and runoff coefficient under different land use

  14. HYDROLOGIC MEASUREMENTS/ THE Hannanat catchement Water balance in 2008-2009 rainfall 726,7mm Runoff coefficient : 10%

  15. Follow-up of the vegetation growth and effect on runoff

  16. Hydrologic behaviour at the experimental micro catchment : winter Autumn • In winter : rainfall events are longer and complicated compared to the autumnal period. Most of rainfall events shows a runoff coefficient lower than 5%. • In autumn: the flood hydrograph shows a quick response. The peak discharges are around several hundreds of liters per second (469 l/S) with a Runoff coefficient up to 54%.

  17. The high content of suspended load during the intense rain events

  18. Surface runoff and erosion modelling • Our will is to model the Surface runoff, using a Model (for example the LISEM). • This modelling will permit to imagine scenarios of functioning of the watershed in relation with the global changes expected to be recorded in the area, first the scenario of success of the WSC actions our team is implementing, but also other scenarios of change like climatic change or land use and land cover transformations.

  19. Conclusion Crop rotation Cereal / Leguminous seems to be a good strategy to use in Sehoul But there is need for providing fodder Study of vegetation cover, soil fertility, soil texture and moisture. Use of 137Cs measurements Soil loss and runoff coefficient

  20. Enable to understand the soil behaviour at the catchment scale and to evaluate the global soil loss Study of Water balance Hydrologic behavior

  21. Thank you

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