Practice Quiz: Nuclear Chemistry

1. Practice Quiz:Nuclear Chemistry

2. cigarette smoke televisions batteries cosmic rays bricks people 1. Which is NOT a source of background radiation? Each of these other items contribute to small, but measureable, amounts of background radiation. From “Annual Radiation Exposure” notes.

3. France 2. In what country did the Curie’s do their research? to review the material about the Curie’s work, go to packet 9 website & click on “pictoral story of Marie Curie”. (It WILL be on quiz!)

4. 3. What type of nuclear reaction is responsible for creating the elements? natural decay induced electron capture fission fusion fusion occurs in stars, which turn small elements into larger ones

5. it’s banned by the government it has a yellow-green color it glows under a UV blacklight it’s radioactive 4. Which does NOT describe a property of vaseline glass? Vaseline glass gets its color & radioactivity from uranium. It is now a sought-after collector item. From “hot or not” demo day.

6. 5. In the “Radio Bikini” video, how many bombs were detonated near Bikini Island? two #1 was above the target ships. #2 was below the water. (the H-bomb was also tested there, 10 years later)

7. protect workers from radiation cool the reactor turn the turbines 6. In a nuclear power plant, the purpose of H2O is to… only I. E. II. and III. only II. F. I. and III. only III. G. I, II, and III I. and II. H. none of them Fuel rods are stored under water for safety. Water is used to cool the reactor core. Water (steam) under pressure turns turbines. See WS 9.6

8. it became too expensive to mine for the uranium too many workers were developing cancer the government used the uranium for bombs Mr. Anderson’s students kept stealing the plates & sold them to fund the Don Showalter fun club. 7. Why did the Fiesta company stop using uranium in their dinnerware? This forced the Fiesta company to use a different type of glazing. From “hot or not” demos.

9. a small amount of mass can be changed into a large amount of energy a small amount of energy can be changed into a large amount of mass energy and mass are equally interchangeable energy and mass are not interchangeable 8. The general idea of Einstein’s equation E = mc2 is that… This is why nuclear energy is so efficient. See WS 9.7.

10. an elm tree, chopped down 1,000 years ago a limestone boulder, age as old as Earth a newborn infant a wool blanket, 15,000 years old 9. Which would have the highest ratio of C-14 to C-12? Everything living has the SAME C-14 to C-12 ratio. This ratio never changes until death. C-14 dating is a big part of quiz. See WS 9.4

11. nuclear power plants nuclear weapons medical scanners 10. What are some application of nuclear fusion? only I. E. II. and III. only II. F. I. and III. only III. G. I, II, and III I. and II. H. none of them We’re still many decades away from fusion reactors. The hydrogen fusion bomb. Never used in war. Um, I hope not! See class notes: “applications of fusion”.

12. smoke detectors Brazil nuts orange Fiesta plates vaseline colored glass radium wristwatch lantern mantle tungsten-halogen light bulb 11. Which is these would NOT be radioactive…? from class demo: “Hot or Not”

13. power plant in Russia that had meltdown & devastating environmental effects: power plant in US that had a parital meltdown, scared public, but no environmental damage: 12. name that power plant! Chernobyl Three Mile Island

14. hint: you’ll need to look it up on your good periodic table 13. Fluorine-18 undergoes what type of natural decay? And what will be its daughter? positron decay from WS 9.2 – writing balanced nuclear equations 18 F 0e + 18O 9 +1 8

15. majority presumed dead from radiation illness in 1988, they were granted homestead access to return to their island mostly confined to Internment camps in American Somoa living in settlements around the Marshall Islands the only 9 survivors are living in Mr. Paffrath’s basement making shoes, getting paid $0.50 per shoe 15. Where are the natives of Bikini Island today? from class video: “Radio Bikini”

16. alpha radiation beta radiation gamma radiation CT (CAT) scans MRI scans radioactive tracers 16. Which type of radiation therapy is most effective to treat cancer patients? from WS 9.7: “applications of nuclear chemistry”

17. alpha therapy beta therapy gamma therapy CT (CAT) scans MRI scans medical tracers torture worse than Chazen’s class 17. When radioactive elements are injected into patients for diagnostic purposes, this is known as: from WS 9.7: “applications of nuclear chemistry”

18. thorium II. uranium III. radium IV. americium 18. Someone finds a 40 year old thorium (an alpha emitter) coated lantern mantle in their garage. What substance(s) would be present on it today? all are possible D. I and III only I & II E. II and IV only III & IV F. only I Thorium is element #90. Someof it will decay to become radium (#88). Alpha decay will not increase an atomic # to form 92U or 95Am

19. 222Rn 4He + 218Po • 218Po 0e-+ 218At step 1: do alpha decay until mass # becomes 218 -1 2 85 86 84 84 19. radon-222 undergoes how many alpha and beta decays to become astatine-218? step 2: do beta decay until atomic # becomes 85 step 3: count the # of alpha & beta needed one alpha, one beta from WS 9.2: writing balanced nucelar equations