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ENGL 106: Scholarly Publication Cycle

ENGL 106: Scholarly Publication Cycle. September 22, 2011 Jeremy R. Garritano Chemistry Library jgarrita@purdue.edu /// 49-67279 /// WTHR 310. Lecture Outline. Scholarly Publication Cycle Primary vs. Secondary vs. Tertiary publications Focus on Scientific Journals. Activity.

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ENGL 106: Scholarly Publication Cycle

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  1. ENGL 106:Scholarly Publication Cycle September 22, 2011 Jeremy R. Garritano Chemistry Library jgarrita@purdue.edu /// 49-67279 /// WTHR 310

  2. Lecture Outline • Scholarly Publication Cycle • Primary vs. Secondary vs. Tertiary publications • Focus on Scientific Journals

  3. Activity • Where do scientists publish or communicate their research? Where do scientists read or hearabout other research?

  4. http://www.lib.washington.edu/subject/environment/imt220/pubcycle.jpghttp://www.lib.washington.edu/subject/environment/imt220/pubcycle.jpg

  5. Tutorial on Publication Cycle and Scientific Research: http://www.lib.purdue.edu/rguides/biotutorials/

  6. Primary Sources/Literature • Primary sources are original materials/evidence. • They are from the time period involved and have not been filtered through interpretation or evaluation. • Primary sources are original materials on which other research is based. • They are usually the first formal appearance of results in physical (print or electronic) format. • They present original thinking, report a discovery, or share new information. From: http://www.lib.umd.edu/guides/primary-sources.html

  7. Examples of Primary Sources • Artifacts (e.g. coins, plant specimens, fossils, furniture, tools, clothing, all from the time under study); • Audio recordings (e.g. radio programs) • Diaries; • Internet communications on email, listservs; • Interviews (e.g., oral histories, telephone, e-mail); • Journal articles published in peer-reviewed publications; • Letters; • Original Documents (i.e. birth certificate, will, marriage license, trial transcript); • Patents; • Photographs; • Proceedings of Meetings, conferences and symposia; • Records of organizations, government agencies (e.g. annual report, treaty, constitution, government document); • Speeches; • Works of art, architecture, literature, and music (e.g., paintings, sculptures, musical scores, novels, poems). From: http://www.lib.umd.edu/guides/primary-sources.html

  8. Secondary Sources/Literature • Secondary sources are less easily defined than primary sources. • They usually point directly to the primary literature. • They can be interpretations and evaluations of primary sources. • Secondary sources are not evidence, but rather commentary on and discussion of evidence. From: http://www.lib.umd.edu/guides/primary-sources.html

  9. Examples of Secondary Sources • Bibliographies (also considered tertiary); • Biographical works; • Commentaries, criticisms; • Dictionaries, Encyclopedias (also considered tertiary); • Histories; • Indexing and abstracting tools used to locate primary & secondary sources (also considered tertiary); • Magazine and newspaper articles (this distinction varies by discipline); • Monographs (books), other than fiction and autobiography; • Textbooks (also considered tertiary); • Web site (also considered primary). From: http://www.lib.umd.edu/guides/primary-sources.html

  10. Tertiary Sources/Literature • Tertiary sources consist of information which is a further distillation and collection of information from primary and secondary sources. • Basic information, facts, tables, etc. • Do not necessarily reference particular primary or secondary sources. • Fine line between secondary and tertiary. From: http://www.lib.umd.edu/guides/primary-sources.html

  11. Examples of Tertiary Sources • Almanacs; • Bibliographies (also considered secondary); • Chronologies; • Dictionaries and Encyclopedias (also considered secondary); • Directories; • Handbooks; • Guidebooks; • Indexing and abstracting tools used to locate primary & secondary sources (also considered tertiary); • Manuals; • Textbooks (also considered secondary). From: http://www.lib.umd.edu/guides/primary-sources.html

  12. Summary • Primary Literature/Resource – Original research, directly from the author(s). • Secondary Literature/Resource – Summarizes and points back to information in the primary literature; leads you back to the original research. • Tertiary Literature/Resource – Compiles information from primary/secondary sources so you do not need to go back to them unless you want further detail .

  13. Scientific Journals: In the beginning… • Philosophical Transactions published by the Royal Society in London. • Started in 1665; still published. • Isaac Newton published 17 articles here, as well as Darwin, Faraday, Herschel, and more. • Online via JSTOR.org

  14. Purpose of journals • Communicate research • Filter “good” science from “bad” science • Provide knowledge/reproducible results • Keep up to date • Book reviews • Commentary (letters to editor) • Report “news” – calls for papers, conference announcements, obituaries, job ads, etc.

  15. Article from the first issue of Philosophical Transactions

  16. A book review on Robert Boyle’s work…

  17. And another…

  18. And in the second issue…

  19. Scope/Purpose of Journals Nature Science PNAS Journal of the American Chemical Society New Journal of Chemistry AngewandteChemie Journal of Organic Chemistry Journal of Chemical Physics Journal of Chemical Education European Journal of Mass Spectrometry Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences Heterocycles All of science All of a discipline (chemistry) Sub-discipline (organic, biochemistry) Specialized area

  20. Types of Articles – Not all are Primary • Original Articles/Papers or Research Articles/Papers • Original research conducted by the authors; “From the lab notebook to the page;” Usually first appearance of the results; Often peer-reviewed • Letters or Communications • Short (usually) and sweet articles that discuss important findings; Not as detailed as a research article; Published quickly; May be more theoretical • Reviews (Secondary Lit) • Summarizes a particular topic over time – recent trends, advances in the field, evolving theories, etc.; Many articles are cited in support; No original research is communicated; Like a lengthy introduction or background section of an article • News (Secondary/Tertiary Lit) • Discusses events in industry or academia; May mention specific articles; Very brief; May be written by non-scientists.

  21. Letters or Communications • Accounts of Chemical Research • ChemComm (Chemical Communications) • Inorganic Chemistry Communications • Organic Letters • Tetrahedron Letters

  22. Reviews – Secondary Lit • Annual Review of Biochemistry • Applied Spectroscopy Reviews • Chemical Reviews • ChemSocRev (Chemical Society Reviews) • Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry

  23. News (Trade Publications) • Chemical and Engineering News • The Chemical Engineer • Chemistry in Australia • Chemistry World • Chemistry and Industry

  24. Summary • There is a cycle or progression for the communication of research results • Each type of publication has its own purpose • Journals are main “mode” of communication in the sciences • Difference between Primary vs. Secondary/Tertiary

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