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GIS systems in Haiti Shelter focus

GIS systems in Haiti Shelter focus. Shelter Meeting 10a, Geneva 27-28 May 2010. Einar Bjorgo. Unpresedented number of mapping efforts and Geographic Information System (GIS) initiatives. Actors include CNIGS (Haiti National Mapping Agency) OCHA IOM WFP iMMAP OpenStreetMap MapAction

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GIS systems in Haiti Shelter focus

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  1. GIS systems in HaitiShelter focus Shelter Meeting 10a, Geneva 27-28 May 2010 Einar Bjorgo

  2. Unpresedented number of mapping efforts and Geographic Information System (GIS) initiatives Actors include • CNIGS (Haiti National Mapping Agency) • OCHA • IOM • WFP • iMMAP • OpenStreetMap • MapAction • IFRC • MINUSTHA • UNOSAT • World Bank • European Commission (EC) • the crowd • and many MANY more

  3. Haiti maps published on GDACS/VirturalOSOCC Around 500 maps in a week 40+ map providing entities Number of maps published Date • 2000+ maps published in 75 days

  4. What makes Haiti so special in this sense? • Data availability (field collected, aerial photos, satellite imagery) • Open source and community mapping • Use of social media (Twitter, Facebook, wikis) • Field presence of GIS staff • Integrated in response and recovery • Across and withing clusters Shelter • IDP camp monitoring • Baseline data collection • Risk mapping • Damage assessment • Link to reconstruction and development through PDNA

  5. CNIGS • Heavily affected by earthquake • Quickly back to operational capacity • Considerable data repository • National GIS mandate • Field assessments (damage to public infrastructure) in collaboration with UNOSAT • Capacity development

  6. Geospatial Products (Timeframe) Situation maps Preliminary DA UN-EC-WB Comprehensive DA and Joint Blds DA Atlas UNOSAT/JRC/WB combined GIS database Field Validation (UNOSAT- CNIGS- JRC) Flash Appeal S. Dom. Conf. NY Conf. PDNA Haiti EQ 12 Jan. 22 Jan. 18 Feb. 26 Feb 12 Mar. 17 Mar. 31 Mar. April

  7. Available RS data • Through the use of aerial photos provided by the WB, Google and NOAA and satellite imagery from GeoEye and Digitalglobe, detailed damage assessments of individual buildings was conducted by comparing pre‐earthquake satellite imagery to post‐earthquake aerial photos. Post-Disaster Aerial Photo Pre-Disaster Sat. Image

  8. UNOSAT DA Methodology • Training areas within UNOSAT AOI were identified to define suitable damage level classes for RS DA analysis • Assessed buildings through photo interpretation were then categorized into 4 main damage classes according to the European Macroseismic Scale-98 (EMS-98) definition: GRADE 4: Very heavy damage Part of building structure collapsed, such as part of roof or one or more fallen walls. Here: Wall fallen into street (bright debris) GRADE 1: No visible damage Assessed building does not appear to be damaged. Here: Centre building with brown roof seems intact. No debris or collapsed structure observed. GRADE 3: Substantial to heavy damage Limited damage observed to building, or no damage observed but immediately adjacent to destroyed or very heavily damaged building. GRADE 5: Destruction All or most of building structure collapsed. Here: Collapsed/broken roof, walls destroyed (debris surrounding building)

  9. IOM, iMMAP • Since the beginning IOM support the Task force operation on the debris removal and damage assessment. • Several maps have been provide to define the area of interest and to dispatch civil engineer.

  10. CAMP Registration and decongestion of the Major camps • DATA Entry Access/SQL database. • 20 people involve in data entry • Integrate OSM ID inside database. • Integrate data from the CNIGS • Make on OSM platform to get information quickly and integrate inside our database and make map.

  11. CAMP Monitoring System • Need continuity in term of Imagery accessibility. • The need image in the field don’t stop at the end of charter call. • Last image used is from the 9 march and the previous one is from the 25 of january. • With this imagery we pass in PaP to 460 camps 870 camps base on satellite imagery assessment (OCHA).

  12. Risk mapping over IDP camps

  13. OSM WikiProject Haiti - snapshot OSM GPS map extracts used by Search And Rescue Teams – day 1 OSM = roads core data set (OCHA Core Data sets check-list). 26 hours to get imagery released and 48 hours to get 1st imagery loaded on the OSM platform available for tracing

  14. World Bank aerial data collection • Generate a preliminary assessment of damage for Haiti using satellite and aerial photography to inform the PDNA process and provide base date for reconstruction efforts.

  15. Very High Resolution Optical (15cm)

  16. EC JRC-WB-UNOSAT joint assessment results • Example of Damage Figures for Port au Prince: • Number of buildings per class • Damages per land use class • Floor area per land use type and damage class allowing a monetary estimation of damages (approx. 2.2 billion US-$ for Port-au-Prince

  17. Conclusion • GIS integrated into Haiti relief and recovery • GIS in cluster support • horizontal (same geographic information baseline data across clusters) • vertical (cluster-specific GIS information management) • Large focus is on shelter – use the capacity!

  18. einar.bjorgo@unitar.org www.unitar/unosat.org

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