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Italiano III – Reflexive Verbs

Italiano III – Reflexive Verbs. A reflexive verb is an action that reflects on the person who is performing the action. In English, you recognize a reflexive verb quite easily, mostly by the use of “myself, yourself, etc” or “get + past participle” or use of possessives.

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Italiano III – Reflexive Verbs

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  1. Italiano III – Reflexive Verbs A reflexive verb is an action that reflects on the person who is performing the action. In English, you recognize a reflexive verb quite easily, mostly by the use of “myself, yourself, etc” or “get + past participle” or use of possessives. For example: I enjoy myself at your parties. She gets washed every morning. They are combing their hair. Roberta Pennasilico, Naples HS

  2. Reflexives as Reciprocal verbs. • Reflexive verbs also indicate “reciprocal” actions, mostly indicated by the use of “each other” and/or “one another”. • Ex. They call each other every night. = Si chiamano ogni sera. Roberta Pennasilico, Naples HS

  3. How do you recognize a reflexive verb in Italian? • They end with –RSI. • Some examples: alzarsi = to get up, vestirsi = to get dressed, pettinarsi = to comb one’s hair, etc. Roberta Pennasilico, Naples HS

  4. How do they work?Situation 1 – simple present • For ex., you need to say, “I wake up at 6:30 every morning.” [habitual action = present tense] • Step ONE: take the verb “to wake up” = svegliarsi • Step TWO: forget about the ending –si for a moment, and focus on the root svegliar- • Step THREE: add the right verb form for the present tense: • Svegli- + -O = SVEGLIO (the ending for the “I” person) • Step FOUR: Add the small word that refers to “myself” = MI • The result is: MI SVEGLIO = I wake up • These 4 steps will become automatic as you practice!! Roberta Pennasilico, Naples HS

  5. So, you supply the regular ending to the verb (i.e. lavare), but when you use it in a reflexive way (to oneself), you need to add one of the small words before the verb itself.MI lavo– I wash myselfTIlavi– you wash yourselfSIlava– He/She washes herselfCI laviamo– we wash ourselvesVI lavate– you guys wash yourselvesSI lavano–they wash themselves

  6. How do they work?Situation 2 – present + modal • A reflexive verb might follow a modal: • Iwantto wake upearly. In this case, you have 2 verbs in a row (in red and in blue) • Step ONE: change the first verb in the right present form: • I want = VOGLIO • Step TWO = take the second verb in its infinitive form : to wake up = alzarsi and ONLY change the final “-si” into the word for ‘myself’ = “-mi” • The result is VOGLIOSVEGLIARMI Roberta Pennasilico, Naples HS

  7. Is this clear? Now you practice(the reflexive verbs are indicated in parentheses) • She never has any fun! (divertirsi) • Lei non si diverte mai! • Parents always worry (preoccuparsi) • I genitori si preoccupano sempre. • They always hug! (abbracciarsi) • Si abbracciano sempre! • He forgets about homework (dimenticarsi di) • Lui si dimentica dei compiti. Roberta Pennasilico, Naples HS

  8. My parents love each other a lot (amarsi) • I miei genitori si amano molto. • We take a shower every night. (farsi) • Ci facciamo una doccia ogni sera. • She puts too much make up on. (truccarsi) • Lei si trucca troppo. • My teacher complains a lot (lamentarsi) • La mia professoressa si lamenta molto. • They get bored in class. (annoiarsi) • Si annoiano in classe. • I get changed before the party. (cambiarsi) • Mi cambio prima della festa. Roberta Pennasilico, Naples HS

  9. Now watch out! Modals + reflexives • I want to get changed here. (cambiarsi) • Voglio cambiarmi qui. • She can take a shower now. (farsi) • Lei puo’ farsi una doccia ora. • They cannot kiss at school! (baciarsi) • Non possono baciarsi a scuola! • You can’t get mad at him. (arrabbiarsi con) • Non puoi arrabbiarti con lui. Roberta Pennasilico, Naples HS

  10. You must try hard at school (impegnarsi) • Devi impegnarti a scuola. • I want to get married soon . (sposarsi) • Voglio sposarmi presto. • You cannot behave badly here. (comportarsi) • Non puoi comportarti male qui. • She must get used to this food. (abituarsia) • Lei deve abituarsi a questo cibo. • They can’t get bored here! (annoiarsi) • Non possono annoiarsi qui! • I want to dress up as a cow-boy! (vestirsi da) • Voglio vestirmi da cow-boy! Roberta Pennasilico, Naples HS

  11. Good Job!! Bravi!!! Roberta Pennasilico, Naples HS

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