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Good Morning !!. NVC HOT ROC: Slavery and the Constitution Ante Bellum (Pre-Civil War) Tensions John Brown raids Harper’s Ferry Essential Question: Was John Brown a martyr or a “misguided fanatic?” Test on Tuesday NEXT WEEK. HOT ROC: Slavery.
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Good Morning!! • NVC • HOT ROC: Slavery and the Constitution • Ante Bellum (Pre-Civil War) Tensions • John Brown raids Harper’s Ferry Essential Question: Was John Brown a martyr or a “misguided fanatic?” Test on Tuesday NEXT WEEK
HOT ROC: Slavery • Name ONE reason the Founders claim they allowed slavery in the Constitution • Name ONE reason the Historians claim the Founders allowed slavery in the Constitution
Rising Tensions (1830-1860) • Missouri Compromise • 1820 Missouri enters union as slave state, Maine enters as free state • Slavery banned in northern part of Louisiana territory • Maintains free state/slave state balance • Compromise of 1850 • California joins Union as a “free state” • Utah/New Mexico territories open to slavery • Fugitive Slave Law(must return slaves to masters) to appease South
Bleeding Kansas • Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) • Kansas and Nebraska territories vote on slavery = Popular Sovereignty • Pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers move to Kansas to influence vote • Mini civil war starts = Bleeding Kansas Come on, then, gentlemen of the slave states. Since there is no escaping your challenge, we accept it in the name of freedom. We will engage in competition for the virgin soil of Kansas, and God give the victory to the side which is stronger in numbers, as it is in right. --Senator William Seward of New York
Enter John Brown • Abolitionist Involved in Underground Railroad • Moves to Kansas to support anti-slavery cause • Pottowatomie Creek Massacre: organizes murder of 5 pro-slavery settlers • Dred Scott Decision: escaped slave Dred Scott seeking freedom • Federal government has no power to regulate slavery in the new territories • 1859 Brown plans raid on Federal armory at Harper’s Ferry • Wants to arm slaves and start revolt • Raid fails, but Southerners horrified
Was John Brown a martyr or a “misguided fanatic”? • Martyr: Someone who willingly suffers on behalf of a belief or cause • Fanatic: a person so obsessed with something they are nearly crazy