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Chapter 3 _ Object Recognition

Chapter 3 _ Object Recognition. + 이선정. Perceptual Organization. Gestaltist appoach Law of Pragnanz “of several geometrically possible organisation that one will actually occur which possess the best, simplest and most stable shape “ (Koffka, 1935). a. b. c. d. e.

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Chapter 3 _ Object Recognition

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  1. Chapter 3 _ Object Recognition + 이선정

  2. Perceptual Organization Gestaltist appoach Law of Pragnanz “of several geometrically possible organisation that one will actually occur which possess the best, simplest and most stable shape “ (Koffka, 1935)

  3. a b c d e Perceptual Organization Gestaltist appoach - a. the law of proximity - b. the law of similarity - c. the law of continuation - d. the law of closure - e. the law of common fate

  4. Perceptual Organization Gestaltist approach - figure- ground segregation - a) Homogeneous display b) Heterogeneous display - grouping of perceptual elements occurs early in visual processing

  5. Perceptual Organization Gestaltist approach – Contray evidence a b c Upright Upside down

  6. Theories of Objection Recognition Marr’s computational theory Primal sketch : this provide a 2-dimensional description of the main light – intensity change in the visual input, including 2 ½ - D Sketch : this incorporate a description of the depth and orientation of visible surface, making use of information provided by hading texture, motion, binocular disparity, and so on 3 - D Model representation : 3 – dimensionally the way that is independent of objects and their relative positions in a way that is independent of the observer’s view point

  7. Theories of Objection Recognition Biederman’s recognition by components theory - consisting of basic shape or components known as“geon” (36개)

  8. Theories of Objection Recognition

  9. Theories of Objection Recognition Five invariant properties of edges - culvature – point on a curve - parallel – sets of points in parallel - cotermination – edges terminating at a common point - symmety - versus asymmetry - collinearity – points sharing a common line

  10. Objection Recognition Viewpoint _ dependent & viewpoint _ invariant theories - viewpoint invariant theory ease of object recognition is not affect by observer’s view point - viewpoint dependent theory change in viewpoint reduce the speed and of accuracy of object recognition

  11. Brain System in Object Recognition Visual agnosia - Apperceptive agnosiaobject recognition is impaired because of deficits in perceptual processing - Associative agnosia Perceptual processes are essentially intact object recogntion is impaired partly or mainly

  12. Brain System in Object Recognition

  13. Brain System in Object Recognition

  14. Face Recognition • Bruce and Young’s model • Structural encoding • Expression anaysis • Facial speech analysis • Directed visual processing • Face recognition unit • Person identify nodes • Name generation • Cognitive system

  15. Face Recognition Interactive activation and competition model WRUs = word recognition Units FRUs = face recognition Units NRUs = name recognition Unit s PRUs = Person recognition nodes WRUs = semantic information Unit

  16. Face Recognition Are faces special ? Yes! - something special about face recognition 1) Holistic analysis 2) Analysis by parts Are faces special ? No! - why face appear special ?

  17. Visual imagery • “Seeing with the mind eye” • Mental imagery has been that it is very similar to perception • Why do we not confuse images and perception? Mental scanning - mental rotation

  18. ThankYou

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