1 / 8

Fig. 52.18

Fig. 52.18. Ecology Biotic Factors Competition Predation Disease Parasitism. Fig. 52.20. Ecology Abiotic Factors Temperature Temperature and temperature variation extremely important Cells may rupture at very cold temperatures Why don’t trees freeze and explode?

carver
Download Presentation

Fig. 52.18

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Fig. 52.18

  2. Ecology • Biotic Factors • Competition • Predation • Disease • Parasitism

  3. Fig. 52.20

  4. Ecology • Abiotic Factors • Temperature • Temperature and temperature variation extremely important • Cells may rupture at very cold temperatures • Why don’t trees freeze and explode? • Proteins denature at sustained high temperatures (usually >45 oC) • Some bacteria can survive at >90 oC • Water • Essential to life • Availability varies • Terrestrial organisms always fighting desiccation • Aquatic organisms struggling with osmotic stress

  5. Ecology • Abiotic Factors • Sunlight • Provides vast majority of energy for living systems • Affects distributions of terrestrial organisms • Affects depth distributions and sensory systems of aquatic organisms • Intensity and spectrum change with depth • May affect behavior • Ex: DVM, activity patterns • Wind • Amplifies temperature variation through evaporation and convection • Ex: Wind chill factor • Affects rates of water loss, growth forms of plants • Rocks and Soil • Physical structure, pH, mineral composition, organic content • Aquatic sediments affect water chemistry • First four factors (temperature, water, light, wind) are major components of climate (long-term patterns)

  6. Ecology • Climate Effects • Affects geographic distribution (range) of species • Affects survival, reproduction, dispersal

  7. Silver-Washed Fritillary (Argynnis paphia) Fig. 52.8

  8. Population Ecology • Density and Dispersion • Density • Number of individuals + size of habitat • May be influenced by resource availability, disturbance • May vary over time • How do we measure organismal densities? • Complete census • Subsample (quadrats, transects, single taxon) • Indicators of density (tracks, scat) • Mark-recapture • Not static over time

More Related