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What’s the value of nature tourism in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas?. Woosnam, An, Aleshinloye, Dudensing, and Hanselka March 2012. Background. Nature tourism defined:
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What’s the value of nature tourism in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas? Woosnam, An, Aleshinloye, Dudensing, and Hanselka March 2012
Background • Nature tourism defined: • “Responsible travel to natural areas, which conserves the environment and improves the welfare of local people” (Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, 2011). • Takes various forms • Adopting D.K. Shiffletoperationalization • Lower Rio Grande Valley ideal for nature tourism • RG and Gulf with world-renowned birding opps. • Starr, Willacy, Hidalgo, and Cameron Cos.
Background • Texas is arguably best state for birding in country; LRGV #2 birdwatching destination in NA (Mathis and Matisoff, 2004). • Each year 1000s of Winter Texans flock to Valley, many of which are birders • Birders drawn from all over NA for Harlingen Birding Festival (in 19th year) • With shrinking chamber budgets, it is important to indicate the value of tourism in an area, especially niche forms of tourism
Problem • Rapid residential development threatening natural areas in LRGV (Metrostudy, 2011). • Most recent economic impact study of nature tourism in LRGV conducted over 15 years ago—not in a scientific manner (Millar, personal communication, April 2011).
Purpose of Study • Provide an initial examination of the economic impact of nature tourism throughout the LRGV during the off-peak tourist season • Three specific research questions (based on off-peak): • 1) What are the annual and person-day expenditures among nature tourists for 2011? • 2) What are the estimated total annual expenditures by nature tourists for 2011? • 3) What are the direct, indirect, and induced effects of nature tourism for employment, labor income, and value-added categories in the RGV in 2011?
Methods • Sample and data collection • Off-peak visitors to LRGV • Intercepted at seven key locations (i.e., Estero Llano Grande SP, Bentsen Rio Grande SP, Santa Ana NWR, Edinburg Scenic Wetlands, Frontera Audubon, South Padre Island World Birding Center, Alamo Inn) • Six weekends in May/June 2011 using systematic sampling procedure (every 2nd) with random start • Self-administered survey instrument • Travel behavior, likelihood of returning, perception of region, travel expenditures (along with length of stay, group size, purpose of travel, etc.), and SOE/SOD questions • Effective response rate was 80.2% (N = 303)
Descriptive findings • SOE/SOD • Mage = 47.4 years • 50.5% women • 76.8% had at least undergraduate degree • 44.4% had household income of at least $100,000 • Travel behavior • Mgroup size = 2.63 people • 51% visiting LRGV for nature tourism as primary purpose • Mstay in LRGV on current visit = 5 days • Mstay in LRGV during year = 7 days • 64% had visited LRGV previously, on average 15 times.
Economic Impact Analyses • Economic impact analyses based on: • D.K. Shifflet reports provided to Texas Office of Governor, ED&T • 2010 South Texas Plains Region and 2010 Gulf Coast Region destination reports • 2010 Texas Visitor Profile • LRGV nature tourists reporting of: • Travel party size • # days planned to be in region (engaging in nature tourism) on trip and throughout year • Annual nature tourism expenditures in LRGV and elsewhere
Conclusion and Implications • Sizable economic impact for nature tourism in LRGV • Help to make case for potentially preserving undeveloped areas in Valley. • Chambers and CVBs throughout LRGV should focus on promotional campaigns that continue to highlight area for natural resources • Bringing visitors to the area • Within days of receiving report, STNMC released press release that appeared all throughout South Texas newspapers and across state.
Limitations and Future Research • Only collected data from off-peak nature tourists • Data from peak nature tourists was collected in Fall/Winter 2011 • Will be used in subsequent analyses • Data collected from seven key locations; not all places • Only used “intentional” nature tourists and not “casual” nature tourists in analysis