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CDM Contracting and Legal Issues. World Bank/KenGen Workshop on CDM Project Methodologies and Preparation October 3 & 4, 2006. Overview of Key Legal Issues in the CDM. Compliance with CDM Rules Creating and owning VERs/CERs – Issuance and Registry Purchasing VERs/CERs (ERPA).
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CDM Contracting and Legal Issues World Bank/KenGen Workshop on CDM Project Methodologies and Preparation October 3 & 4, 2006
Overview of Key Legal Issues in the CDM • Compliance with CDM Rules • Creating and owning VERs/CERs – Issuance and Registry • Purchasing VERs/CERs (ERPA)
KP risks: CDM Cycle/Rules Validation (DOE) Registration (EB) Project Monitoring Verification and Certification (DOE) Issuance of CER(EB)
Generation of VERs and CERs Carbon Contract CERs $$ VERs Approval of the Methodologies, Registration of the Project, Issuance of Certified Emission Reductions Verification by a Designated Operational Entity Generation of GHG emission reductions (in tonnes of CO2e]
Purpose of ERPA • Record agreement • Identify responsibilities • Establish rights • Manage risk
Some basics • Two parts • General Conditions - standard terms, conditions, rights/ obligations • Negotiated agreement - purchase amount, price, payment terms, preconditions, reps and warranties • VER or CER contracts (JI being developed) • Goals: consistency, flexibility, reducing transaction costs
Features • Sale and Purchase agreement • Object ERs • Amount, Price and Payment • ER creation • Who does what • validation • Registration • Verification • Certification • Risk allocation - Risk is allocated to the party best able to bear it • Project risk (to be borne by Project Entity) • KP regulatory /baseline risk (to be borne by Trustee) - Market risk (shared)
Key Contractual Provisions • Definitions • Payment upon delivery • Monitoring and Verification • Project Development andOperation • Events of Defaults • Remedies • Termination events
Events of Default by Project Entity • Transfer Failure • Dissolution/liquidation/bankruptcy (etc.) • Material delay in the construction • Material breach of terms of ERPA • Repeatedly failure to comply with CDM related rules • Failure to meet the requirements of the MP or EMP
Events of default by Trustee - Failure to make payment - Other material breach • Remedies: - Require payment - terminate the ERPA
Costs & Taxes • Costs • Deduction of project preparation / KP related costs from annual payment (caped) by Trustee in the Annual Payments • Taxes • Deduction of Host country taxes by Trustee
Other significant clauses • Governing Law • English Law • Arbitration • In accordance with UNCITRAL