Square Grid

1. Square Grid • Insects in the grid were vacuumed into a plastic bag. • Insects were examined under a microscope to separate species and counted. • Insect counts were expressed as number of adults/square foot.

2. KSU Pilot Flour Mill Heat Treatment, June 25-27, 1999 Slides from the heat-up Natural Gas heaters were used Heat treatment done by Rupp Industries, Inc. Mention of a proprietary product name does not imply Endorsement by the Department of Grain Science & Industry and Kansas State University

3. Insects can escape heat treatment by exiting through doorways • Treat these areas with Cyfluthrin or Tempo before heat treatment. • Put sticky material or sticky tape to capture insects escaping from heat-treated areas to unheated areas.

4. 20 Inch Duct Blowing Hot Air From Rupp, Inc. Gas Heater • KSU Pilot flour mill, 1st floor of the cleaning house. • The gas heater was on the south side of the building (on the outside).

5. First Floor Cleaning House • Wheat lift. • Note dust accumulation on floor. • A Hobo (for measurign temp.) is to the left of the wheat lift on floor.

6. 3rd Floor Cleaning House • Buhler aspirator. • Note wheat on floor. • A Flit-Trak trap w/ 3 lures for red & confused flour beetles, cigarette beetle, and warehouse beetle.

7. 4th Floor Mill • Sifter boxes. • Hobo on the outside. • In the foreground is Phercon II trap for moths.

8. 5th Floor Mill • Note Phercon II trap.

9. Natural Gas Burners • Gas line hooked up to burners. • Each burner of 550,000 BTUs. • Burners not turned on (note collapsed ductwork)

10. Natural Gas Burners • Burners fired-up.

11. Tempo Research • Concrete disks exposed to heat in 3rd floor of mill. • Disks removed at different times durign heat treatment. • In the laboratory, adult red flour beetles were added inside rings placed on disks.

12. Tempo Research • A replicate of disks in Subi’s office. • These disks served as controls (they were treated with Temp but not exposed to heat). • There are 8 disks for 8 time periods.

13. Cleaning House, 3rd Floor • Cooling tower. • Temper conveyer. • Recording temperature during heat treatment with an infrared laser beam.

14. Tempo Research • Disks on floor in mill (3rd floor).

15. Tempo Research • Disks with red flour beetles inside.

16. First Floor Cleaning House • Door to manlift. • Many insects were found at this interface and a few outside the door. • These doorways should be treated or taped to kill or trap escaping insects.

17. Dr. Dale Eustace’s Infrared Heat Tracer • This was used to get instantaneous record of temperatures during a heat treatment.

18. Tempo Research • Dr. Frank Arthur setting up the concrete disks treated with Tempo and the Hobos in the 3rd floor of the mill.

19. Ductwork During Heat Treatment • Ductwork (20 inches) from natural gas heaters in loading dock, going into 2nd floor of the mill (roll floor). • Note specially constructed wooden door to stabilize the ductwork.

20. Experiments During Flour Mill Heat Treatment • Concrete disk treated with Tempo, and plastic trays with insects on 3rd floor of mill.

21. New Trap for Dusty Environments • Flit-Trak trap with a opaque cover. • This creates an ideal environment for red flour beetle to seek refuge.

22. Flit Trak Trap • Trap against wall in 1st floor of cleaning house.

23. Natural Gas Heater • 1.4 million BTUs. • This burner is hooked up and pumping hot air into the 1st floor of the cleaning house.

24. Heat Treatment: Safety • Always wear cotton or padded gloves to avoid injury from hot metal surfaces in the mill.

25. New Indianmeal Moth Trap • For under cabinet use. • Concealed for use in retail stores.

26. Flour Mill Experiments with Insects • These square dishes with and without food contained 8 different species of insects. • Different dishes were used for different species. • Dishes were removed at 3 different times during heat-up.

27. Placing Cables and Hobos in Mill Subfloor • Jorge Ayala, a Ph.D. student in Entomology at KSU, setting up the cables.

28. Subi’s Helpers • Sewit Retta and Kim Korte, helped collect all insect data. • Both are undergrads, never been exposed to bugs, but now love them.

29. Manlift Area • Door leads into 1st floor of cleaning house. • This area was not heat treated. • Insects escaping heat treatment were present at the bottom of this door.

30. Flit Trak Trap • Traps contain a shallow receptacle for oil. • The cover has 3 holes to hold three different lures.

31. Fans • These fans were used to redistribute heat during the flour mill heat treatment.

32. Flour Mill-Subfloor • Dr. Alan Dowdy setting up cables underneath sub-floor area of 2nd floor of the mill.

33. Temperature Measuring Devices • This device was used to measure temperature from cables placed throughout the mill. • It could read 18 sensors on each cable. • There were 4 such cables.

34. Mill Experiments • Trays with plastic dishes containing insects, and pheromone lures fo 5 insect species. • These were sampled over time during heat treatment.

35. Phercon II Moth Trap • Almond moth lure was placed inside the trap. • Trap placed on 4th floor of the mill. • There were 10 traps per floor (there were 8 floors in the flour mill & cleaning house combined).

36. Blo-Vac Gun • This gun works on the venturi/vortex principle. • It can work as a vacuum or as a duster. • We used it to vacuum bugs from floor after a heat treatment.

37. West Side of Shellenberger Hall • The wall with windows in the flour mill. • To the right is the feed mill. • Note natural gas burners on the dock.