Alessandra Pomé WWF Mediterranean Programme Office 19 July 2008 - Alghero, Italy

1. ICZM experience in Tunisia:preliminary results and lessons learned from the SMAP III- Tunisia project Alessandra Pomé WWF Mediterranean Programme Office 19 July 2008 - Alghero, Italy

2. Outline • Rapid overview of ICZM in the Tunisia • SMAP III-Tunisia project • Lessons learned

3. The Tunisian Coastline • 1,300km • 500km of beaches • 60 islands of different size • 70 coastal wetlands (lagoons and Sebkha) • High marine and coastal biological diversity • 69.2% of the population in coastal regions (2004) • 90% of tourism in coastal regions (190,000 beds in 2005) • 41 fisheries ports, 8 large commercial ports, 7 marinas • Land-borne pollution in sea and coastal wetlands • Overexploitation of natural resources – over fishing • Destruction of fragile marine and coastal habitats…

4. National policies Creation of the « Agence de Protection et d’Aménagement du Littoral » (Law n°72-95 July 1995) to implement the national policies related to the protection and management of the coastal areas National level Réglementation de l’aménagement du territoire et de l’urbanisme, du domaine public maritime, des rejets, des études d’impact sur l’environnement, de la lutte contre la pollution marine International level Tunisia is party to the Barcelona Convention and it is called to develop a national strategy on ICZM in accordance to the Protocol ICZM (Madrid 2008)

5. Institutional framework • Le Ministère de l'Environnement et du Développement Durable • Le Ministère de l'Agriculture des Ressources Hydrauliques • Le Ministère de l'Equipement, de l'Habitat et de l'Aménagement du territoire • Ministre du Tourisme et les organismes sous sa tutelle (AFT, ONTT) • Ministère de l’Intérieur et du Développement Local qui assure la tutelle des municipalités The Commission Nationale du Développement Durable (CNDD) was establised in 1993 to improve the national development programmes and steering them towards sustainability

6. Programme Rivage Tunisie • To promote the sustainable management of the coastal zones through: • 1. Streamlining environmental aspects into national and sectorial strategies/programmes/policies • 2. Promoting the ICZM • 3. Managing the « Zones sensibles » • 4. Strengthening the local governance of the coastal areas • Development of a national ICZM strategy • Implement pilot projects on the management of « Zones Sensibles » and Marine Protected Areas • Develop a programme for the depollution of the Golf of Tunis • Implement an integrated programme « Rivages pour tous » to improve the management of the beaches • Update the coastal profile and define a strategy • Strengthen the role and capacity of the Observatoire du Littoral

7. Coastal area of Kroumirie & Mogods South coast of Grand Sfax SMAP III-Tunisia Two concerted ICZM action plans to be used as model for a national ICZM plan

8. Main ICZM issues Kroumirie & Mogods(rural quasi-pristine area) • Marine/Coastal protected area as a tool for sustainable management of the coastal resources • legal framework for the creation of the MPA • management plan for the MPA • Sustainable economic development of the rural areas (tourism, fisheries and agro-forestry) • Grand Sfax (second urban and industrial pole in Tunisia) • A new territorial management and planning of the southern coast of Grand Sfax: • Progressive de-contamination of the SIAPE and other industrial sites • Creation of a natural-cultural pole in Thyna inlcuding the existing archeological site, wetlands and urban park • Integration of the salt mines in the urban context and promotion of tourism • Promotion of sustainable tourism and fisheries management

9. Action plan • ICZM planning phases: • Preparatory phase – Jan-March 2006 • WORK PLAN, GOVERNANCE & PARTICIPATORY PROCESS • Assessment phase – March 2006 – Jan 2007 • COASTAL PROFILES • Analysis, forecasting and strategy formulation – 2007 • ALTERNATIVE DEVELOPMENT & CONSERVATION SCENARIOS • ICZM Planning – 2008 Comprehensive and participated ICZM PLANS OF ACTION, specifically tailored to the needs and potentials of the coastal area concerned Stakeholders preparedto the ground implementation of ICZM plans of action

10. APAL Project Coordination Committee WWF MedPO, Medcities, APAL, UNDP, Sfax Municipality, TAPARURA Public Society ENIS Sfax University National Steering Committee Steering Committee Grand Sfax Steering Committee K&M KROUMIRIE & MOGODS GRAND SFAX Local Coordination Unit Local Coordination Unit APAL SMAP III Focal Point Assistant Working Group Working Group Working Group Working Group

11. Kroumirie & Mogods: first results Development of a Coastal profile Development and conservation scenarios elaborated through participatory process for the project pilot area An Integrate Coastal Zone Management Plan of priority actions for the development and conservation of the region completed (to be presented at the Final Conference June 26, 2008) Management options for the Marine and coastal protected Area Cap Serrat - Cap Negro identified and a preliminary management plan completed Establishment of a local Steering Committee Capacity of local stakeholders strengthened Support to local stakeholders (GDA, small scale fishermen, …)

12. Grand Sfax 7 municipalities 15,570 hectares 500,000 inhabitants 30 inhabitants per hectare Second city of Tunisia (1/12th of the national urban population) Important economic pole for production of olive oil, fisheries, energy and manufacture… Important commercial port Vision 2016 (Sustainable Development Strategy for the Grand Sfax) • Sfax Métropole Méditerranéenne compétitive, de la haute technologie et de l’innovation, durable, solidaire et attractive et réconciliée avec son littoral

13. South coast of GS

14. Salt mines

15. Public landfill

16. Olive Oil industry waste ponds

17. SIAPE industry

18. SIAPE: phosphate debris

19. Thyna: Wetlands

20. Thyna: lighthouse

21. Thyna: Archeological site

22. Thyna: urban park

23. Grand Sfax: first results Development of a Coastal profile Complementary studies (integration of the salt mines into the urban context, impacts of the city on the marine resources, ..) Development and conservation scenarios elaborated through participatory process for the project pilot area An plan (schema) for the management and valorisation of the south coast (to be presented at the Final Conference June 26, 2008) An ICZM plan of priority actions(ongoing) Establishment of a local Steering Committee Capacity of local stakeholders strengthened Closure of the public landfill Reallocation of the SIAPE Industrial valorization of the olive oil waste New land use for the agricultural area

26. 5 alternative conservation and development scenarios

27. Schéma d’aménagement et de valorisation de la zone côtière sud du Grand Sfax

28. Preliminary lessons learned • Political will and support • Local lobbying groups – interested parties • Full transparency of the planning process • Ensure access to all parties • Full accountability of the institutions leading the planning process • Good understanding of the ICZM process • Accompanying measures (not only meetings and studies, but on-the-ground activities) • ICZM takes time and needs patience

29. Final conference SMAP III-Tunisia project 26 June 2008 - Tunis