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This paper explores the dynamics of crime in foreign economic activity in Russia and highlights the acts of corruption committed by customs officers, officers of internal affairs agencies, officials of other law enforcement agencies, and officials of other state services. It discusses the factors driving corruption, the impact of customs service on corruption levels, and presents recommendations for preventing corruption and promoting trade. The study emphasizes the importance of enhancing the quality of customs administration and improving work ethics.
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State Customs Committee of the Russian • Federation The RUSSIANCUSTOMSACADEMY 0.1
«Fight Against Corruption In The Sphere Of Customs As Trade-Promoting Factor» Leonid Lozbenko Head of the Russian Customs Academy Professor of Sociology Major-General of Customs Service 0.3
Dynamics of crime growth in foreign economic activityin Russia 1
Acts of corruption in Russia are committed by: • - customs officers (4,6%) • - officers of internal affairs agencies (22.5%) • - officials of other law enforcement agencies (5,3%) • -officials of other state services (67,6%) 2
? ? Promoting trade Control Corruption 3
Customs-FILTER Illegitimate component Illegitimate barrier Real flow Conventionally legitimate flow 100% Conventional barrier Optimum filter 4
Matrix of attitudes of the customs toward trade Zone favorable for trading business Zone of responsible trading business Effective FILTER Zone of aggressive trading business Zone of high trade risk Ineffective low high BARRIERS 5
Corruption Factors Driving Corruption Excess government intervention in the economy Inadequate control systems Hyper-centralized decision-making process Lack or deficiency of reporting Excess rights or authority in resolving issues arising in “contingencies” 6
Block-diagram showing the impact of the customs service on corruption level Corruption Factors defining quality of performance of the customs’ functions Functions of the customs The uniform customs quality management system based on the ISO 9000 standards 8
“the customs version” of ISO 9001:2000 Model of administration system and teaching recommendations Training of executive staff of customs bodies Certification system Motivation system Monitoring of assimilation of standards Stages of assimilation of ISO 9000 standards in the customs activity 9
Conclusions • Preventing corruption in the customs system and foreign trade requires comprehensive, systematic and coordinated work of all international and regional organizations and national governments. • In the work against corruption, priority should be given to enhancing the quality of customs administration and methods to improve work ethic. • It is advisable to establish one or several specialized international research and methodology centers for customs service quality management. • An inter-governmental program of combating corruption in foreign trade should be developed. 10