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What Role Does Digitalis Serve in Medicinal Cardiovascular Treatments?

What Role Does Digitalis Serve in Medicinal Cardiovascular Treatments?. by Brennan Barkley. Overview. “Digitalis” is often used to describe cardiac glycosides (Digoxin/Digitoxin) Other active ingredients: Digitalin, Digitalein, Digitonin

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What Role Does Digitalis Serve in Medicinal Cardiovascular Treatments?

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  1. What Role Does Digitalis Serve in Medicinal Cardiovascular Treatments? by Brennan Barkley

  2. Overview • “Digitalis” is often used to describe cardiac glycosides (Digoxin/Digitoxin) • Other active ingredients: Digitalin, Digitalein, Digitonin • These compounds are isolated from plants of the genus Digitalis or “Foxglove”

  3. Structure Digoxin (C41H64O14)

  4. Where Does it Come From? • The extractions are taken from the leaves of the plant • Only green, perfect leaves picked • Unpleasant odor, bitter taste Digitalis purpurea

  5. Early History • The earliest use of cardiac glycosides dates back to the Roman Empire—red squill • William Withering, 1785—introduced Digitalis into medicine • Charles Darwin

  6. Modern Use • Used to increase cardiac contractility (positive inotrope) • Also used as an antiarrhythmic agent

  7. Mechanism?

  8. Disadvantages • Digitalis intoxication: • Nausea • Vomiting • Anorexia • Diarrhea • Excessive amounts can lead to further heart problems—irregular pulse, convulsions • Xanthopsia—Vincent Van Gogh

  9. In the News • In 2003, Charles Cullen admitted to killing nearly forty hospital patients with overdoses of compounds such as Digoxin

  10. Research • Lin H. Juang, Taiwan—prostate cancer • University of Sevilla, Department of Pharmacology, Spain—anti-tumor activity • J. Haux Institute of Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim—anti-cancer research

  11. Conclusions • Glycosides isolated from the genus Digitalis have been used since the mid 18th century to treat cardiac afflictions • The extractions are taken from healthy leaves of the plant • Mechanism of action—affects Na+/K+ pump • Excess amounts of the drug can have severe side effects or even be fatal

  12. Bibliography • http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/f/foxglo30.html • http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=4537 • http://www.emedicine.com/EMERG/topic137.htm • http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/Wilson/481/medbot/bot2.htm • http://www.yofast.org/d/digitalis/info.html • http://fourfoldhealing.com/2007/12/30/digitalis/ • Google Image Search

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