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Charlemagne EMPIRE

Charlemagne EMPIRE. Chapter 13 Section 1. Key Terms. Charlemagne Papal States Baron. Invasions of Western Europe. 5 th Century Germanic tribes overrun the Romans Disruption of trade Merchants face invasions, business collapses Downfall of cities

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Charlemagne EMPIRE

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  1. Charlemagne EMPIRE Chapter 13 Section 1

  2. Key Terms • Charlemagne • Papal States • Baron

  3. Invasions of Western Europe • 5th Century Germanic tribes overrun the Romans • Disruption of trade • Merchants face invasions, business collapses • Downfall of cities • Cities abandoned as centers of administration

  4. Invasions of Western Europe • Population shifts • Nobles retreat to rural areas • City dwellers flee to countryside • Grew their own food • Western Europe becomes rural

  5. The Decline of Learning • Germanic invaders could not read or write • Learning declined as families moved to the country • Priests and church officials were literate • Few could read Greek works • Germans no written language

  6. Loss of Common Language • Germanic speaking mixed with Romans • Latin changed • Different dialects developed with new words and phrases • 800’s, French, Spanish, and other roman based languages evolved from Latin

  7. Germanic Kingdoms Emerge • 400-600 small Germanic kingdoms emerge • Concept of Government Changes • Family ties personal loyalty replace citizenship in a public state • Lived in small communities • Unwritten rules

  8. Monasteries, Convents, Manuscripts • Monasteries is a religious community • Men called monks devote lives to God • Women called nuns went to convents • 520 Benedict Italian monk wrote strict rules

  9. Monasteries, Convents, and Manuscripts • Scholastica (Benedicts sister) headed a convent under the same rules • Monasteries best educated communities • 600-700’s Monks made beautiful copies of religious writings • Preserved Rome’s heritage

  10. Papal Power Expands Under Gregory • Used church revenues to raise armies, repair roads, help the poor • Negotiate peace treaty with the Lombard's • Italy to England, Spain to Germany his responsibility • Churchly kingdom ruled by a pope (Middle Ages)

  11. Charles Martel Emerges • 700 major domo or mayor of the palace most powerful person • Charge of royal household and estates • 719 Charles Martel • 732 defeats Muslims in the Battle of Tours

  12. Charles Martel Emerges • Became a Christian hero • Gave power to his son Pepin III • Pippin III worked with the Pope • Pippin fought Lombard's at church request • Carolingian Dynasty rules Franks 751-987

  13. Charlemagne Becomes Emperor • Ruled kingdom 6’4” tall • Built empire greater than ancient Rome • Fought Muslims in Spain • Reunited western Europe • Spread Christianity through conquered lands

  14. Charlemagne Becomes Emperor • 800 Charlemagne’s empire larger than Byzantine Empire • 800 traveled to Rome and put down a mob • Pope Leo II confers title of “Roman Emperor” • Joining of Germanic power and the church

  15. Charlemagne Rule • Limited power of nobles • Appointed counts to rule parts of the empire in his name • Bound by oath to obey • Granted large blocks of land and considerable authority • Had to answer to Charlemagne

  16. Charlemagne’s Rule • To keep tabs on his counts • Charlemagne sent inspectors out to visit the counts • If the counts did a good job they were rewarded • Counts punished if they do a bad job

  17. Charlemagne’s Achievements • Politics- unites Europe for the first time since the fall of Rome • Education-built schools and preserved ancient writings • Religion-spread Christianity among conquered people • Law- Developed a written legal code

  18. Charlemagne’s Heirs • Opened a palace school • Ordered monasteries to train monks and future priests • Louis the Pious emperor • ineffective ruler • Had three sons • 843 Treaty of Verdun divided the kingdom into 3 parts

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