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Narration. Telling a story . Telling a story – purpose to inform to entertain to persuade to define. Creating Chronological Order events are told in the sequence in which they occurred use time transitions : initially, next, once, finally, after, while, etc… (see Hacker, page 36).
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Narration Telling a story
Telling a story – purposeto informto entertainto persuadeto define
Creating Chronological Orderevents are told in the sequence in which they occurred use time transitions : initially, next, once, finally, after, while, etc… (see Hacker, page 36)
Developing Character develop concrete nouns and active verbs (think diction! think connotation!)SHOW don’t TELL!
How do we “discover” a character? Directly: The author tells us - Bill was a nice guy.Indirectly:The character’s actions – Bill gave his last dollar to a stranger in the cafeteria. The character’s words – Bill smiled and said, “Great job, Mary! You really learned a lot today.” The character’s thoughts – Bill thought to himself, Mary is really a quick learner. AND other character’s words / thoughts
Establishing MOODThe emotional atmosphere of a work / how a reader is made to feel…HOW do I do that? Use SENSORY IMAGERYPaint a picture in the reader’s “mind’s eye” by attacking their 5 senses
Sensory Imagery SHOW (don’t “tell”) the reader…What would I hear? What would I see? What would I taste? What would I touch? What would I smell? (allow your reader to “be” in your story…) Hmmm…
Sensory Imagery – an examplefrom Alice Walker’s “Journey in Nine Miles” “By five o’clock, we were awake, listening to the soothing slapping of the surf and watching the sky redden over the ocean…”
Let’s practice! Let us show a reader what a walk on the Wildwood boardwalk would entail…** List examples for each of the five senses
TONEThe author’s attitude about the subject or event comes through in her writing HOW? Words and Details(think connotation)
Dialogue Incorporationdialogue makes a story more interesting! (1) Bob told his daughter not to touch the hot stove. (2) As little Sarah reached up to the lit burner, Bob screamed, “Sarah! Hot! Don’t touch!”
Rules of DialogueSee hacker, page 283* With dialogue, begin a new paragraph to mark a new speaker (tab)* If a speaker talks for more than one paragraph, introduce each new paragraph with quote marks, but do not use end quotes until the speaking is over
TIPS – Narrative Essays(1) Determine purpose(2) Determine audience (formal vs. informal) (style, diction, etc.)(3) Brainstorm / free write (5Ws / H) (see hacker, page 3, “planning”) (4) Use time transitions (Hacker, page 34 – 36) (5) Create mood and tone (word choice, detail)(6) Peer read – Does the reader see the story in her mind’s eye? Does she feel like a participant?