Latin America: Dependency to Neoliberalism

1. Latin America: Dependency to Neoliberalism • Current News and Weather • Human Rights in Latin America • Latin America in the Global Economy • Coca Production • Cochabamba Water War • Social Indicators For Next Class: Read Chapter 5 (pp. 180-190)

3. Treaty of Tordesillas • Revolutionary Movements and Independence • Persistent Border Conflicts • Trends Toward Democracy Geopolitical Framework Figure 4.30

4. Military Dictatorships The 1960s and 1970s in Latin America were characterized by coup d’etats and the rise of military dictatorships in the context of the cold war. Brutal repression and widespread human rights abuses were “justified” as a mechanism to prevent the spread of communism. Very dark period in Latin America, with thousands of “disappeared” persons whose remains to this day have still not been located.

5. Military Dictatorships The 1960s and 1970s in Latin America were characterized by coup d’etats and the rise of military dictatorships in the context of the cold war. Brutal repression and widespread human rights abuses were “justified” as a mechanism to prevent the spread of communism. Very dark period in Latin America, with thousands of “disappeared” persons whose remains to this day have still not been located.

7. Salvador Allende, the democratically elected president of Chile, was removed in a brutal coup d’etat (with U.S. backing) on September 11, 1973, that resulted in his death and thousands of others. • General Agusto Pinochet seized power and unleashed a reign of terror that lasted 16 years. • The popular folk musician Victor Jarawas also killed who started the New Song Movement in Latin America.

11. Archbishop Oscar Romero Assassinated 24 March 1980 in El Salvador by the military government http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=oscar+romero+life+you+tube&FORM=VIRE6#view=detail&mid=A2035DCDDD005E4D9B55A2035DCDDD005E4D9B55

12. Dependency Theory • Neoliberal Policies • Dollarization Latin America in the Global Economy Figure 4.6.1 Center of trade and finance Figure 4.6.2 Panama Canal

13. Insurgencies and Drug Trafficking Columbian National Police Figure 4.34 Figure 4.33

16. Coca Eradication and Alternative Development • Growth of Illicit Coca Production – tied to 1985 privatization of economy when 30,000 state employed miners lost their jobs and then migrated to a prime coca area in the Chapare • Alternative development programs sponsored by the U.S. have been a major failure • Forced eradication of coca and human rights violations were widely reported in the 1990s • Evo Morales emerged as the principal leader of the Cocaleros(coca farmers) and is now the president of Bolivia

17. Cochabamba’s War Over Water • December 1999 to April 2000 • Origins of Water Crisis • Drought (in association with El Niño) • Rural to urban migration, increased demands • Inefficient management • In the context of economic globalization, Aguasdel Tunari, a subsidiary of Bechtel Co., bought the exclusive water rights • La Coordinadora – opposition group • Oscar Olivera – spokesperson

19. Social Development Latin American Presidents Figure 4.41