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ALCOHOLISM

ALCOHOLISM. A TREATABLE DISEASE. ALCOHOLISM was declared a disease by the World Health Organization and American Psychiatric Association in the year 1956. ALCOHOL DRINKING. 4 TH Most common cause of death. ALCOHOLIC IS 10 TIMES MORE PRONE TO CANCER.

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ALCOHOLISM

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  1. ALCOHOLISM A TREATABLE DISEASE

  2. ALCOHOLISM was declared a disease by the World Health Organization and American Psychiatric Association in the year 1956

  3. ALCOHOL DRINKING • 4TH Most common cause of death. • ALCOHOLIC IS 10 TIMES MORE PRONE TO CANCER. • ALCOHOL IS BAD FOR HEART AND HEART PATIENTS. • 50% OF ACCIDENTS ARE CAUSED BY DRINKING • 25% OF SUICIDES UNDERLYING CAUSE IS ALCOHOL.

  4. MYTHS ABOUT ALCOHOL • ALCOHOL IS GOOD FOR HEART IN SMALL AMOUNTS • SMALL AMOUNT IS NOT ADDICTING • ON THE CONTRARY FACTS ARE-------THERE IS NO STRONG EVIDENCE OF RELATION BETWEEN LESS HEART RISK AND ALCOHOI AND IDEA THAT IT PREVENTS FAT DEPOSIT IS NOT WELL FOUNDED----- CAN NOT BE RECOMMENDED AS HEART TONIC-------TEXT BOOK OF HEART BY HURST—REF.

  5. WHO IS AN ALCOHOLIC? When a person's drinking interferes with one or all areas of his life • Occupation • Family • Finance • Inter-personal relationship • Physical and mental health and in spite of this he continues to drink, then he is an alcoholic

  6. OTHER SYMPTOMS • Larger amount / longer period • Persistent desire / unsuccessful attempts to cut down • Spending a lot of time in drug related activities • Important activities given up • Substance use is continued despite recurrent physical and psychological problems

  7. An alcoholic continues to drink because of • Physical dependence • Psychological dependence

  8. The disease of alcoholism is • Primary • Progressive • Treatable

  9. SYMPTOMS OF ALCOHOLISM • Increased tolerance • Early phase • Black out • Preoccupation with drinking • Avoiding discussion about drinking

  10. Middle phase • Loss of control • Giving excuses for drinking • Grandiose and aggressive behaviour • Abstaining from alcohol for a set period of time • Unsuccessful attempts to control by changing the drinking pattern

  11. Chronic phase • Experiences withdrawal symptoms • Ethical breakdown • Physical and psychological deterioration

  12. Alcoholism is a treatable disease • Treatment becomes easier if help is sought in the early phase • An alcoholic can be treated at any stage • TOTAL ABSTINENCE • IS THE ONLY SOLUTION

  13. MORE FACTS ABOUT ADDICTION

  14. MEDICAL COMPLICATIONS related to ABUSE OF ALCOHOL

  15. DISEASES CAUSED BY ALCOHOL Gastritis Peptic Ulcer Cancer    Stomach Fatty degeneration of the liver Alcoholic hepatitis Cirrhosis Liver Acute pancreatitis Chronic pancreatitis Pancreas Folic Acid deficiency anaemia  Decreased WBC Production Blood …….

  16. HEPATIC COMPLICATIONS • Hepatitis • Fatty liver • Alcoholic cirrhosis • Post neurotic cirrhosis

  17. Liver and alcohol

  18. ALCOHOLIC LIVER JAUNDICE-----COMA

  19. CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT PARALYSIS OF PART\SIDE OF BODY

  20. ALCOHOL INDUCEDORGANIC MENTAL DISORDERS • Alcohol Intoxication • Alcohol Idiosyncratic Intoxication • Uncomplicated Alcohol Withdrawal • Alcohol withdrawal Delirium tremens

  21. PROBLEMS … (Contd..) Perceptual distortions • Disorientation and delirium • Irritability and fluctuation of mood • Hallucinations

  22. CARDIO VASCULAR COMPLICATIONS • Endocarditis • Cardiomyopathy • Thrombophebitis • Embolic phenomena • Myocarditis • Ventricular fibrillation or haemorrhage and sudden death

  23. Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy Muscular System Muscle weakness and wasting Spider Angiomas Acne Rosacia Rhinophyma Skin Gout like syndrome due to increase in uric acid level Joint

  24. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM DISORDERS • Lowering of hormonal levels leading to sexual dysfunction • Diabetes mellitus due to alcohol abuse RENAL DISORDERS • Nephropathy

  25. COMPLICATIONS IN THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM • Loss of libido • Impotency • Sexually transmitted diseases • Menstrual abnormality in women • Fetal problems • low birth weight • mental retardation • physical abnormality • withdrawal symptoms after birth

  26. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Fetal abnormalities like mental retardation, growth deficiencies Protein malnutrition  Vitamin deficiency diseases like Pellagra and Beriberi Complications due to mineral deficiency Nutrition Deficiency Disorder Peripheral neuritis Wernicke – Korsakoff’s syndrome Dementia Neurological

  27. ALCOHOLIC MOTHER

  28. PROBLEMS DUE TO INTOXICATION Trauma and other physical injury • Violence • Accidents due to poor motor coordination • Physical injury or death due to poor judgement • Repeated head injuries ……..

  29. ACCIDENTAL HANGING

  30. ACUTE INTOXICATION…. ( contd ) • An increase in the dose used (due to tolerance) leads to convulsions and death due to respiratory depression • Combining two psychoactive subtances can lead to overdose Coma and overdose deaths

  31. ALCOHOLIC FATHER

  32. FEELINGS EXPERIENCED BY THE FAMILY • Repeated problems and constant failures lead to • Shame and loneliness • Fear and hopelessness • Hurt • Grief • Anger • Guilt

  33. Some examples of ‘enabling behaviour’ • Justifying his use of drugs / alcohol • Calling the manager and making excuses on his behalf to explain irresponsible behaviour • Paying back the debts incurred by the addict

  34. THE ADDICT’S RELATIONSHIP WITH THE CHEMICAL • Long standing close relationship • Can live without family members / friends but not without chemicals

  35. THREE STAGES OF ADDICTION Stage I Experimental and social use Frequency of use Occasional / usually on weekends Source of drugs / alcohol Friends / peers at parties

  36. Stage II - Abuse Frequency of use • Regular / several times per week • Some times during the day • Prefers to use alone Source of drug / alcohol • Friends • Buys for himself • May borrow / steal / peddle drugs to maintain supply

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