World Meteorological Organization Working together in weather, climate and water

1. World Meteorological OrganizationWorking together in weather, climate and water WMO Climate data Karolin Eichler (keichler@wmo.int) WMO; OBS/WIS/DMA www.wmo.int

2. Introduction WMO • World Meteorological Organization is a specialized agency of the UN • It is the UN system's authoritative voice on the state and behavior of the Earth's atmosphere, its interaction with the oceans, the climate it produces and the resulting distribution of water resources. • The WMO Technical Commission for Climatology (CCl) guides the development and implementation of data and monitoring projects through two Open Panels of CCl Experts OPACE-1 and OPACE-2 • CG-XVI resolution on Climate Data: DARE, modern archiving, exchange, methods and tools for improved analysis and applications need urgent attention for meeting the GFCS requirements • The development of climate datasets is based on: • Routinely disseminated daily and monthly weather and climate observations by the National Meteorological and Hydrological Services of the 189 WMO Members following the WMO standards for data collection, quality control and exchange; • Historical climate records dating back to 1850, including marine climate summaries; • Recovered old climate records worldwide as part of continuous data rescue efforts promoted by WMO and its Members; • Data from specialized centres (tropical cyclones, snow and ice, ozone, greenhouse gazes) • Peer reviewed scientific methods for quality control, homogenization and interpolation to constitute high quality global climate datasets.

3. World Weather Records WMO • Including monthly mean values of pressure, temperature, precipitation • Cg XVI (Geneva 2011): • Importance of updating WWR continuously was emphasized • Request to complete WWR 1991-2000 & 2001-2010 • Move to annual updates afterwards • Guidelines available

5. Decadal Global Climate Summary WMO • Includes a general climate assessment related to temperature and precipitation as well as a summary of key climate patterns and extreme events • We asked our Members for: • The highest national decadal maximum temperature for the last decade and if available for the decades before. • The lowest national decadal minimum temperature for the last decade and if available for the decades before. • The highest national decadal 24 h precipitation for the last decade and if available for the decades before. • The decadal mean temperature and its anomaly with respect to 1961-1990 for the last decade and if available for the decades before. • The annual mean temperature of each of the last 10 years (2001 – 2010) and its anomaly with respect to 1961-1990. • The 3 most severe extreme events which occurred during the last decade and their impact. • 112 out of 189 Members responded, not all could be used

7. Analysis I WMO Temperature anomaly by decade over six geographical regions: Africa, Asia, Europe, North America and Oceania. Countries with no data provided are blank. The anomalies are computed with respect to 1961-1990 period (WMO country data)

8. Analysis II WMO Occurrence of national-wide 24-hour precipitation and highest and lowest temperature during the last 5 decades. The sample size is 102 for temperature and 101 for precipitation. Data assessment starts in 1961 (Source: WMO country data).

9. Analysis III – partnership with socio-economic sectors WMO Economic losses 2003: France and Italy: 4.4 bn US $ each Germany: 1.65 bn US $ In 2010 the resulting wildfires caused an economic damage of 1.8 bn US $. Number of people killed due to the heat wave 2003 and 2010 (Source: EM-DAT/CRED)

10. Surface temperature WMO Decadal global (black) combined surface air temperature over land and sea and linear fitted trend over the whole period 1851-2010 and annual (dark blue) combined surface air temperature over land and sea linear with the light blue area representing 95 percent uncertainty range (Data source: HadCRUT4, Met Office Hadley Centre and Climatic Research Unit, University of East Anglia, United Kingdom).

11. Precipitation WMO Decadal precipitation anomalies for global land areas for 2001-2010; gridded 1.0-degree raingauge-based analysis as normalized departures in mm/year focussing on 1951-2000 base period. (Source: Global Precipitation Climatology Centre, Deutscher Wetterdienst, Germany)

12. Climatological Normals WMO Climatological standard normals: Averages of climatological data computed for the following consecutive periods of 30 years: 1 January 1901 to 31 December 1930, 1 January 1931 to 31 December 1960, etc. (Technical Regulations). WMO publishes the climatological standard normals which are computed by the WMO Members for their observing stations. (CLINO), WMO No.847. The latest version of this publication includes the standard normals for the period 1961-1990.

13. Country profile data base WMO

14. Climatoligical Normals in the data base WMO

15. WMO statement on the status of the global climate -Yearly publication since 1994 printed in several languages- Provides the annual status of climate worldwide - Includes the observed Global Surface Temperature trend, regional temperature anomalies and observed extreme weather and climate events in many places of the World WMO

16. Thank you

17. Title of page WMO Title of presentation Page number

18. Title of page WMO