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The Respiratory System

Explore the anatomy of the respiratory system, from the nasal cavity to the lungs, and learn about the crucial process of respiration. Discover how gases are exchanged, bringing in fresh oxygen and removing carbon dioxide. Dive into details about the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, and lungs, and understand the importance of continuous respiration. Enjoy learning about lung volumes and capacities for a deeper understanding of respiratory health.

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The Respiratory System

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  1. The Respiratory System

  2. Anatomy • Nasal cavity • Pharynx • Larynx • Trachea • Bronchial tubes • Lungs • The process of respiration must be continuous, an interruption for even a few seconds can result in brain damage and/or death. EXCHANGE OF GASES….BRING IN FRESH OXYGEN AND REMOVE CARBON DIOXIDE

  3. Nasal Cavity • Air enters through the two external openings in the nose called nares. • divided down the center by the nasal septum. • Covered in mucous membranes which secrete a sticky fluid called mucous. Helps to cleanse the air by trapping dust and bacteria • Cilia or nose hairs line the opening of the nose. Helps to filter out dirt and debris.

  4. Pharynx • Also called the “throat” • Used for both respiratory and digestive purposes. • About 5 inches

  5. Larynx • Also known as the “voice box” • Contains the vocal cords • Epiglottis is a flap of cartilaginous tissue that covers the larynx during swallowing to keep food and liquid out of the lungs.

  6. Trachea • Also called the “windpipe” • Passageway for air that extends from the larynx down to the bronchi • About 4 inches long

  7. Bronchial Tubes • The trachea divides to form two bronchi, or branches. • Each bronchus enters one of the lungs and continues to branch repeatedly into smaller branches. • After all the branches it terminates in small air sacs called alveoli. (each lung has about 150 million)

  8. Lungs • They are spongy to the touch because they contain air • Protected by a double membrane called the pleura • Each lung is divided into lobes; 3 lobes on the larger right lung, 2 lobes on the smaller left lung • Lungs are protected by the ribs

  9. Respiratory Rate • Breaths per minute

  10. Lung Volumes and Capacities For some medical conditions it is important to measure the volume of air flowing in and out of you lungs to determine your lung capacity.

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