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Rachel Heery UKOLN, University of Bath r.heery@ukoln.ac.uk ukoln.ac.uk

Application Profiles: managing metadata schemas. Rachel Heery UKOLN, University of Bath r.heery@ukoln.ac.uk http://www.ukoln.ac.uk. What implementors are doing …. Formulating schema identifying existing schemas where useful

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Rachel Heery UKOLN, University of Bath r.heery@ukoln.ac.uk ukoln.ac.uk

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  1. Application Profiles: managing metadata schemas Rachel Heery UKOLN, University of Bath r.heery@ukoln.ac.uk http://www.ukoln.ac.uk DC8 Ottawa, October 4-6, 2000

  2. What implementors are doing …. • Formulating schema • identifying existing schemas where useful • Adding variety of ‘local extensions’ to standard schemas for specific requirements • adding local elements • refining definitions • Establishing local good practice • formulating rules for content DC8 Ottawa, October 4-6, 2000

  3. Examples of emerging schemas • DC-education http://purl.org/dc/document/wd/education-20000430.htm • describing educational resources • Jon Mason (EdNA) and Stuart Sutton (GEM) • users, duration, learning processes, standards, quality • RSLP collection description http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/metadata/rslp/schema/ • describing newly digitised special collections catalogues • Andy Powell (UKOLN) • collection policy, responsibility, location DC8 Ottawa, October 4-6, 2000

  4. DC-Education proposed schema • Various DC elements and recommended qualifiers • DC-education extensions • audience mediator • standard identifier, version • IEEE LOM IMS elements • TypicalLearningTime, InteractivityType, InteractivityLevel DC8 Ottawa, October 4-6, 2000

  5. RSLP Collection Description schema • dc:title The name of the collection • dc: identifier A formal identifier for the collection • dc:description A description of the collection • cld:strength An indication (free text or formalised) of the strength(s) of the collection • cld:accessControl A statement of any access restrictions placed on the collection including allowed users, charges etc • ……. • …... DC8 Ottawa, October 4-6, 2000

  6. Implementors’ requirements • How can implementors be helped to find out about local usage • Discovering information about schemas in use. • How can implementors combine element sets from different namespaces • Establishing context for Dublin Core. Answers will inform DC collaboration with other metadata initiatives DC8 Ottawa, October 4-6, 2000

  7. Inter-working systems Disclosure of semantics Alignment of metadata Disclosure What schemas exist? Is this schema current? How is it used? Economies of scale Re-use of effort - Good metadata management requirements DC8 Ottawa, October 4-6, 2000

  8. Application profiles DC8 Ottawa, October 4-6, 2000

  9. Types of metadata schema • Namespace schemas • International standards • Locally defined schemas, domain specific schemas • Application profiles • Combinations, subsets, variants of namespace schema DC8 Ottawa, October 4-6, 2000

  10. What is an application profile? Schema consisting of data elements drawn from one or more namespaces optimised for a particular local application • Draws on existing namespaces • Introduces no new data elements • Can specify permitted schemes and values • Can refine definitions DC8 Ottawa, October 4-6, 2000

  11. DC-Education proposed schema • Various DC elements and recommended qualifiers • DC-education extensions • audience mediator • standard identifier, version • IEEE LOM IMS elements • TypicalLearningTime, InteractivityType, InteractivityLevel DC8 Ottawa, October 4-6, 2000

  12. RSLP Collection Description schema • dc:title The name of the collection • dc: identifier A formal identifier for the collection • dc:description A description of the collection • cld:strength An indication (free text or formalised) of the strength(s) of the collection • cld:accessControl A statement of any access restrictions placed on the collection including allowed users, charges etc • ……. • …... DC8 Ottawa, October 4-6, 2000

  13. Within metadata instance? HTML XML/RDF XML Within schema definition? XML Schemas RDF Schemas Characteristics to be expressed? Rules for content Alternative definitions Subsets Mixing elements from different sets …and avoid complexity Syntax issues: how to capture expression of application profile? DC8 Ottawa, October 4-6, 2000

  14. Issues • Conformance • what is a valid IEEE LOM record? • Avoiding overlap and ambiguity • What is the distinction between schemas, namespace and vocabularies DC8 Ottawa, October 4-6, 2000

  15. Influence of syntax RDF can be very expressive in its assertions within an instance of metadata.. • Ensure expressions of application profiles can be made independent of RDF • How much expression must go into the schema language, how much into the metadata record? DC8 Ottawa, October 4-6, 2000

  16. Deal with classes • Metadata can be complex • Can describe different classes • Collection Descriptions deal with people, items, locations • Does this mean separate schemas per class? Or more richly structured schema? • Same solution for schemas and application profiles! DC8 Ottawa, October 4-6, 2000

  17. Where do we go from here? DC8 Ottawa, October 4-6, 2000

  18. Publishing application profiles • Why? • To inform and promote • To provide authoritative version • To facilitate inter-working • To align with other schemas • How? • Facilitate schema registration • Metadata registries DC8 Ottawa, October 4-6, 2000

  19. Metadata registry activity • DC Registry working group • Schemas Workshop, Bonn, November 23-24 http://www.schemas-forum.org/ DC8 Ottawa, October 4-6, 2000

  20. Change of emphasis …..not new functionality DC8 Ottawa, October 4-6, 2000

  21. References DESIRE registry http://desire.ukoln.ac.uk/registry/ Dublin Core Registry discussion list http://www.mailbase.ac.uk/lists/dc-registry/ IEEE Learning Object Metadata Scheme http://ltsc.ieee.org/doc/wg12/scheme.html BIBLINKCore http://hosted.ukoln.ac.uk/biblink/wp8/fs/bc-semantics.html RDF Schema Specificaion http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/CR-rdf-schema-20000327/ SCHEMAS http://www.schemas-forum.org/ Namespaces in XML http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names DC8 Ottawa, October 4-6, 2000

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