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Theory of Knowledge

Theory of Knowledge. An Introduction. How do I know…?. Language. …but…. How reliable is the information?. …but…. Perception. How reliable are our senses?. Reason. Are we being logical? How strong are the arguments / explanations we use?. …but…. Emotion.

cecilia-avila
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Theory of Knowledge

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  1. Theory of Knowledge An Introduction

  2. How do I know…? Language …but… How reliable is the information? …but… Perception How reliable are our senses? Reason Are we being logical? How strong are the arguments / explanations we use? …but… Emotion Are my feelings rational? Can I trust them to tell me the truth? …but…

  3. What the map represents is influenced by… In the curriculum, the same can be said for… …which affects… Literature (what the author allows you to see) Human Sciences (what the survey sample allows you to see) History (what the selection of sources allows you to see ) Economics (What the statistics allow you to see) perception, perspective, point of view spatial orientation and projection Literature (Eurocentrism) Natural Sciences (Molecular? Genetic?) Mathematics (null hypothesis) what is placed in the centre weighting, bias, significance The Arts (symbolism) Literature (selection of detail, themes) Arithmetic (a shorthand for words, removes ambiguity) conceptual symbols content, cultural values, precision the interests of the map-maker History (revisionism / Holocaust denial) Economics (how the statistics are interpreted and used) interpretation

  4. “The map is not the territory” (Alfred Korzybski) “The curriculum is not the world but an interpretation.”

  5. The BIG TOK QUESTION: What do we know for certain, and how do we know it?

  6. Activity: On sheet 1, write down four things you are certain of. Begin each one with “I know…” Now for each one, write down how you know…

  7. Activity: How do you know?

  8. logic faith logic logic observation memory practice logic observation observation memory logic logic belief memory memory instinct conscience empathy introspection acquaintance empathy Mathematics Human Sciences Natural Sciences History Ethics The Arts

  9. The framework for Tok Mathematics The Arts Natural Sciences Human Sciences Ethics History ReasonEmotion LanguagePerception Ways of Knowing Areas of Knowledge

  10. Problems of knowledge • Our knowledge is determined in part by the way we are made – our minds and bodies. • Our knowledge, and our ways of gaining it, change over time. • Different cultures, peoples and individuals see, think about and explain the world differently.

  11. TOK is about exploring and solving problems of knowledge in and beyond the curriculum. Our purpose in TOK is to ask how we know the things we think we know. Our aim is to uncover and question the means by which we “know.”

  12. “Nothing is certain in Physics and everything is decided by probability”…Right or wrong…? What is meant by the scientific method? What is the role of reasoning in Physics? TOK & Physics Why is it that the physical universe seems to be amenable to description in mathematical terms? Is the scientific method a product unique to western culture, or is it universal?

  13. In what ways can language be used to mislead? Is it possible to translate between languages, and express exactly the same thing? Does the language you speak determine the way that you think? TOK and Language Can any description ever be objective? How do we explain things in our different subjects? Do we always explain things in the same way?

  14. ASSESSMENT • 11th Grade: • 2 mini-essays (500-700 words) • 1 long essay (1,000 words) • Other reading and written assignments • Presentations • Year-wide deadlines • Progress reports • Attendance • Grades & reports • 12th Grade: • Final TOK essay • Final Presentation

  15. The TOK Journal • will be a record of everything you have learned • will be a vital source of information for your final essays and presentations • will help you make connections between TOK and your subjects • will help you organize and reflect on your ideas and experiences

  16. TOK – Tips for Success • Ask “How do I know…?”, whenever you think you are certain of something • Always look out for good examples of problems of knowledge in your subjects • Make connections between subjects and the way we produce knowledge in them. How are they different or similar? • Use your journal constantly, to make notes, write down experiences, describe dreams, paste cuttings, draw diagrams….

  17. Acknowledgement • Most of this PPT came from the following site: http://www.ibtok.com/tok_presentation/index.htm

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