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Chapter 10 The t Test for Two Independent Samples

Chapter 10 The t Test for Two Independent Samples. 10.1 Independent-Measures Design Introduction. Most research studies compare two (or more) sets of data Data from two completely different, independent participant groups … Data from the same or related participant group(s) ….

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Chapter 10 The t Test for Two Independent Samples

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  1. Chapter 10 The t Test for TwoIndependent Samples

  2. 10.1 Independent-Measures Design Introduction • Most research studies compare two (or more) sets of data • Data from two completely different, independent participant groups … • Data from the same or related participant group(s) …

  3. 10.1 Independent-Measures Design Introduction (continued) • Computational procedures are considerably different for the two designs • Each design has different strengths and weaknesses • Consequently, only between-subjects designs are considered in this chapter; repeated-measures designs will be reserved for discussion in Chapter 11

  4. Figure 10.1 Independent- Measures Research Design

  5. 10.2 Independent-Measures Design t Statistic • Null hypothesis for independent-measures test • Alternative hypothesis for the independent- measures test

  6. Independent-Measures Hypothesis Test Formulas • Basic structure of the t statistic

  7. Estimated standard error • Measure of standard or average distance between sample statistic (M1-M2) and the population parameter • How much difference it is reasonable to expect between two sample means if thenull hypothesis is true

  8. Measuring Effect Size • If the null hypothesis is rejected, the size of the effect should be determined using either • Cohen’s d • or Percentage of variance explained

  9. 10.4 Assumptions for the Independent-Measures t-Test • The observations within each sample must be … • The two populations from which the samples are selected must be … • The two populations from which the samples are selected must have …

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