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The 10 Second Review

Explore the impact of early colonial powers on Native American tribes in North America during the 17th and 18th centuries. Learn about Spain, England, the Powhatan Confederacy, Jamestown, Pocahontas, tobacco cultivation, indentured servitude, Pilgrims, and Puritanism.

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The 10 Second Review

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  1. The 10 Second Review

  2. THE SEVENTEENTH AND EARLY EIGHTEENTH CENTURIES

  3. NATIVE AMERICANS IN PRE-COLUMBIAN NORTH AMERICA

  4. Between 1 million and 5 million Native Americans lived in modern Canada and the United States

  5. Tribes were independent of each other and often competed for the same natural resources

  6. Difficult to unite against Europeans

  7. THE EARLY COLONIAL ERA: SPAIN COLONIZES THE NEW WORLD

  8. Columbus returned to Spain and reported the existence of a rich New World with easy-to-subjugate natives

  9. During the next century, Spain was the colonial power

  10. Advanced weaponry and incredible ruthlessness of the conquistadors

  11. Spanish Armada made it difficult for other countries to send their own expeditions.

  12. conquistadors enslaved the natives and attempted to erase their culture and supplant it with Catholicism

  13. Europeans were "carriers" of small pox

  14. THE ENGLISH ARRIVE

  15. The “Lost Colony”

  16. Sir Walter Raleigh sponsored a settlement on Roanoke Island

  17. By 1590 the colony had disappeared

  18. In 1607 they settled Jamestown

  19. joint-stock company: a group of investors who bought the right to establish New World plantations from the king

  20. company was called the Virginia Company

  21. English gentlemen, were ill-suited to the many adjustments life in the New World required

  22. Captain John Smith imposed harsh martial law

  23. "He who will not work shall not eat."

  24. During the starving time of 1609 and 1610, some resorted to cannibalism

  25. Powhatan Confederacy taught the English what crops to plant and how to plant them

  26. 1614, Pocahontas, the daughter of the chief, married planter John Rolfe

  27. English forgot their debt to the Powhatan as soon as they needed more land

  28. Powhatan Confederacy was destroyed by English in 1644.

  29. John Rolfe introduced the cash crop of tobacco

  30. Indians showed him how

  31. Tobacco’s success largely determined the fate of the Virginia region

  32. Area came to be known as the Chesapeake (named after the bay)

  33. Why emigrate?

  34. Overpopulation in England had led to widespread famine, disease, and poverty

  35. Opportunity provided by indentured servitude

  36. Indentured servants received a small piece of property with their freedom, thus enabling them (1) to survive, and (2) to vote

  37. In 1619 Virginia established the House of Burgesses, in which any property-holding, white male could vote

  38. THE PILGRIMS AND THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COMPANY

  39. Protestant movement called Puritanism arose in England

  40. Wanted to purify the corrupt Anglican Church

  41. One Puritan group called Separatists left England and went to Holland

  42. In 1620 they set sail for Virginia Mayflower, went off course and they landed in modern-day Massachusetts

  43. Mayflower Compact created a legal authority and an assembly. It asserted that the government's power derives from the consent of the governed

  44. Pilgrims received life-saving assistance from local Native Americans

  45. 1629: a larger and more powerful colony called Massachusetts Bay was established by Congregationalists (Puritans who wanted to reform the Anglican church from within )

  46. Separatists and the Congregationalists did not tolerate religious freedom in their colonies, even though both had experienced and fled religious persecution.

  47. Roger Williams, a teacher in the Salem Bay settlement, taught that church and state should be separate Puritans banished Williams

  48. He moved to modern-day Rhode Island and founded a new colony

  49. Anne Hutchinson was a prominent proponent of antinomianism

  50. antinomianism faith and God's grace suffice to earn one a place among the "elect."

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