Theme based

1. Theme based Holiday homework

2. SCIMA Digital Enhancement Project by Learning Links Foundation MESCO Grades High School, Malakpet, Hyderabad

3. Theme:

4. What is TSUNAMI?

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6. Causes of TSUNAMI

7. Subduction Zones are Potential Tsunami Locations  • Most Tsunamis are caused by earthquakes generated in a subduction zones, an area where an oceanic plate is being forced down into the mantle by plate tectonic forces. • The friction between the subducting plate and the overriding plate is enormous. • This friction prevents a slow and steady rate of subduction and instead the two plates become "stuck". 

8. Accumulated Seismic Energy • As the stuck plate continues to descend into the mantle the motion causes a slow distortion of the overriding plage. • The result is an accumulation of energy very similar to the energy stored in a compressed spring. • Energy can accumulate in the overriding plate over a long period of time - decades or even centuries. 

9. Earthquake causes Tsunami • Energy accumulates in the overriding plate until it exceeds the frictional forces between the two stuck plates. • When this happens, the overriding plate snaps back into an unrestrained position. • This sudden motion is the cause of the tsunami - because it gives an enormous shove to the overlying water. At the same time, inland areas of the overriding plate are suddenly lowered. 

10. Tsunami Races away from the Epicenter • The moving wave begins travelling out from where the earthquake has occurred. • Some of the water travels out and across the ocean basin, and, at the same time, water rushes landward to flood the recently lowered shoreline. 

11. Get ready to watch a Natural disaster which can ruin life within seconds!!!

12. Location: Tokyo, Japan. Date: 11th March 2011 (Friday) Power : 8.9 Magnitude . Duration: 41 secs. Next Slide

13. Location: Tokyo Airport, Japan. Date: 11th March 2011 (Friday) Power : 8.9 Magnitude . Duration: 41 secs. Next Slide

14. Explosion in Nuclear Reactors , Japan. Date: 11th March 2011 Power : 8.9 Magnitude . Duration: 41 secs. Next Slide

15. Preventive Measures

16. The technical and social components of a system for warning, communication and actions to take in the event of tsunami are: • Seismographs • Data Processing Centers • Communications Systems • Education of Populations

17. SEISMOGRAPHs: In regions at risk, a sufficient number of seismographs should be in place. An extensive network of seismographs should be organized that would detect and register any vibes from undersea earthquakes. It is fundamental that these seismographs should undergo regular maintenance and be upgraded whenever technical evolutions impose it .

18. DATA PROCESSING CENTERs:  It is important to establish regional data processing centers. The immediate expert reading and interpretation of the collected data, will allow predictions for tsunami type phenomena, the time that they may occur, their intensity and the regions that will be affected.

19. COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMs: Adequate communications systems should be installed that will be able to quickly transfer internationally, alarms and warnings to populations and communities in areas that are in immediate danger. Alarm sirens that will warn people should be tried and installed. All these systems should be regulated by specific protocols and readily functional.

20. EDUCATION OF POPULATIONs: People who live in areas at risk, should be educated in matters relevant to earthquakes and tsunamis. Additionally they should be taught in advance how to react and what to do in case that such a disastrous phenomenon occurs. Planning should be done to determine safe grounds for the inhabitants of endangered localities and  for providing the means for them to escape.

21. Presented by: Mohammed Tariq Mehmood Class:- Xth C MESCO Grades High School Malakpet.