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Kingdom Plantae

Kingdom Plantae. Domain Eukarya. Description - What is a Plant?. Multicellular Eukaryotes Photoautotroph Cell walls of cellulose Chloroplasts Develop from multicellular embryos Carry out photosynthesis using green pigments Chlorophyll A and B. Where do Plants Live?.

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Kingdom Plantae

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  1. Kingdom Plantae Domain Eukarya

  2. Description - What is a Plant? • Multicellular • Eukaryotes • Photoautotroph • Cell walls of cellulose • Chloroplasts • Develop from multicellular embryos • Carry out photosynthesis using green pigments Chlorophyll A and B

  3. Where do Plants Live? • Worldwide on land, • Climate determines what type can grow. • Affected by: Amount of water & length of growing season • Some plants have adapted to live in: • Freshwater • Swamps • Salty tidal water.

  4. Common Examples • Ferns • Moss • Pine Tree • Magnolia Tree • Oak Tree • Rose bush • Grass • Cotton • Tomato plant

  5. Mode of Nutrition • Autotroph – by Photosynthesis

  6. How do they reproduce? • Plants are another kingdom that does Alternation of Generations • Plants may make spores or seeds during reproduction, or both.

  7. Diagram Alternation of Generations in Plants Briefly Explain This Process: Haploid Cells fuse together To produce a new Individual by mitosis.

  8. Diagrams = carpel Carpel =

  9. Classified by: • Presence or Absence of Vascular Tissue • Vascular Tissue – moves water and dissolved nutrients through the plant against gravity • 2 Types: • Xylem – moves water and minerals • Phloem – moves dissolved sugars • How they reproduce: Spore or Seed Production

  10. Why is Vascular Tissue Important? • Helps to support the plant by moving food and water through the plant • Carries out functions even against the force of gravity • Allows plants to grow tall!

  11. Non-Vascular Plants • If plants do not have vascular tissue, they must utilize other means to transport water, such as osmosis and capillary action.

  12. Main Groups Cone-Bearing Plants (760 species) Vascular, Seed Producer Ferns & relatives (11,000 species) Vascular, Spore Producer Flowering Plants (235,000 species) Mosses & relatives (15,600 species) Non-vascular Spore Producer Vascular, Seed Producer

  13. MossesExamples: Reindeer mossPeat moss,sphagnum moss

  14. Ferns and RelativesExamples: Cinnamon fern, Christmas fern,Boston fern

  15. Cone – Bearing PlantsExamples: Pine tree, gingko, cycads,Cedar tree, juniper

  16. Flowering PlantsRoses, daisies, tulips, daffodils, grasses, azaleas

  17. Mosses • Non-vascular • Grow in deserts and in regions of Antarctica • Sensitive to air pollution • Can adapt to poor soil • Can tolerate very low temperatures but grow most abundantly in areas with a lot of water • Many different sizes • Example: Polytrichum

  18. Liverworts • Non-vascular • 8,500 different species • Does not have stems or leaves • Can sexually and vegetativly reproduce • Grow where moisture is abundant, like on moist rotting logs • Examples: Marchantia polymorpha, Riccardia pinguis

  19. Hornworts • Non-vascular • 100 different species • Found usually in damp soil • Grows nearly year-round • Also lacking leaves and stems • Example: Phaeoceros

  20. Lycophytes – Club Mosses • Vascular • Live in a variety of areas, from arctic to tropical • Form mats on the ground • Cone-shaped leaf clusters • Examples: Club mosses, resurrection plant • (resurrection plant name for several plants, usually of arid regions, that may apparently be brought back to life after they are dead. In reality they have hygroscopic qualities which cause them to curl up when dry and to unfold when moist. They are frequently sold in the dried condition as a novelty. The most common are the rose of Jericho and the bird's-nest moss, a club moss)

  21. Horsetails • Vascular • Generally small • Reproduce by means of spores • Thrive in vacant lots, stream banks, and roadsides and other disturbed habitats • Scale shaped leaves • Example: Equisetum

  22. Ferns • Vascular • Found in wet areas • Have rust-colored patches on fronds • Up to 25 meters tall • Seedless • Some are heart-shaped • Examples: Tropical ferns, epiphytes

  23. How Plants Help ManWe Use plants for: • Building materials • Fuel

  24. FOOD: cereals, fruits and vegetables.

  25. Medicine Some examples: *Thyme: mainly used to treat coughs and clear congestion *Aloe Vera- heals wounds, burns, and reduces risk of infection *Ginkgo- prevent dizziness, tinnitus, short-term memory loss, depression and other symptoms related to poor brain circulation.

  26. FIBERS Cotton- woven into a variety of cloths Linen-comes from fibers in stems of flax plants and fibers in hemp plants. Linen is used for a variety of things including cloth and rope. Papyrus Reed-used to make paper and reed boats.

  27. How they Hurt Man • Weeds – can choke out desirable plants in yards and gardens • Water plants – can clog waterways if grow unchecked • Poisonous plants – cause rashes, or can kill if eaten

  28. Special Role(s) in Ecosystems • Main source of Oxygen on land • Base of food chain on land • Homes/habitats for many other organisms • Part of Carbon cycle in ecosystems • Help prevent soil erosion during heavy rains • Help keep temperatures lower in hot climates

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