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Explore the rise of Hitler's Germany and the establishment of a totalitarian state through terror, propaganda, and indoctrination of the youth. Discover the concentration camps, censorship, and the cult of personality surrounding Hitler.
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Terror Secret police: The Gestapo
Purges 1934: “Night of the Long Knives.”
Concentration camps Dachau: one of the earliest camps; est. 1933
Education! “The chief purpose of the school is to train human beings to realize that the State is more important than the individual, that individuals must be willing and ready to sacrifice themselves for Nation and Fuhrer” - Berhard Rust, Nazi Education Minister
National Socialist Teachers’ League • 1937: 97% teachers belong
“The Jewish Nose is Wide at the End and Looks like the Number Six”
Curriculum Altered… “A bomber aircraft on take-off carries 12 dozen bombs, each weighing 10 kilos. The aircraft takes off for Warsaw the international centre for Jewry. It bombs the town. On take-off with all bombs on board and a fuel tank containing 100 kilos of fuel, the aircraft weighed about 8 tons. When it returns from the crusade, there are still 230 kilos left. What is the weight of the aircraft when empty ?"
"To keep a mentally ill person costs approximately 4 marks a day. There are 300,000 mentally ill people in care. How much do these people cost to keep in total? How many marriage loans of 1000 marks could be granted with this money?"
Propaganda! - Ministry for Popular Enlightenment and Propaganda - Joseph Goebbels: Reichsminister for Propaganda and National Enlightenment Goebbels: “It is the absolute right of the State to supervise the formation of public opinion.”
Written • Censorship • Banning of books
Mein Kampf (1924) • Hitler’s manifesto • Outlines Hitler’s key ideas: • Anti-Semitism • Superiority of German Race • Fuhrerprinzip • Lebensraum
Der Sturmer Nazi newspaper published from @ 1923 Julius Streicher: publisher
The flag on high! The ranks tightly closed! • The SA march with quiet, steady step. • Comrades shot by the Red Front and reactionaries • March in spirit within our ranks. • Comrades shot by the Red Front and reactionaries • March in spirit within our ranks. • Clear the streets for the brown battalions, • Clear the streets for the storm division! • Millions are looking upon the swastika full of hope, • The day of freedom and of bread dawns! • Millions are looking upon the swastika full of hope, • The day of freedom and of bread dawns! • For the last time, the call to arms is sounded! • For the fight, we all stand prepared! • Already Hitler's banners fly over all streets. • The time of bondage will last but a little while now! • Soon Hitler's banners will fly over all streets. • The time of bondage will last but a little while now. • The flag on high! The ranks tightly closed! • The SA march with quiet, steady step. • Comrades shot by the Red Front and reactionaries, • March in spirit within our ranks. • Comrades shot by the Red Front and reactionaries, • March in spirit within our ranks. SONG Horst Wessel Song
Film “Triumph of the Will” (1935)
“Hitler Youth Quex” (1933)
“The Fuhrer Speaks” Paul Mathias Padua
“Watersport” Albert Janesch, 1936
“Der Bannertrager” Hubert Lanzinger, 1938
People’s Hall • Would hold 180,000 • dome alone: 300 m high, 250 m in diameter
“Be true to the Fuhrer” “One people, one Reich, one Fuhrer”