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CHAPTER: 20 – The Revolution in Politics, 1775-1815

CHAPTER: 20 – The Revolution in Politics, 1775-1815. OVERALL. To what extent was Europe revolutionized from 1789 to 1815?. problem. ?. ideal. Anatomy of a Revolution. chaos. Background to Revolution.

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CHAPTER: 20 – The Revolution in Politics, 1775-1815

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  1. CHAPTER: 20 – The Revolution in Politics, 1775-1815 OVERALL • To what extent was Europe revolutionized from 1789 to 1815?

  2. problem ? ideal Anatomy of a Revolution chaos

  3. Background to Revolution • What percentage of France’s population is the First Estate and what percentage of the land does it own? AncienRegime “voluntary gift” tithe

  4. Background to Revolution • What percentage of France’s population is the Second Estate and what percentage of the land does it own? “honorific privileges”

  5. Background to Revolution • What different groups of people make up the Third Estate? bourgeoisie peasants urban poor

  6. Background to Revolution • What was the long-standing historical interpretation of the conflict in France? class conflict

  7. Background to Revolution • What are some of the newer viewpoints on French society? revisionism

  8. Background to Revolution • How does the French monarchy lose its prestige? Louis XV Duke d’OrleansparlementsMaupeou Madame de Pompadour desacralization Louis XVI Turgot

  9. Background to Revolution • Why does the American Constitution represent the essence of classical liberalism? social contract sovereignty Bill of Rights

  10. Background to Revolution • What was the immediate impact of the American Revolution on France? Treaty of Paris Lafayette Enlightenment progress

  11. Background to Revolution • What is France’s economic crisis and what CANNOT Louis XVI do? national debt bankruptcy devaluation Assembly of Notables Parlementdu Paris Estates General

  12. Politics and the People, 1789-1791 • What is the makeup of the Estates General? parish priests liberal nobles lawyers / bureaucrats cahiers de doleances

  13. Politics and the People, 1789-1791 • What issue divides the Estates General? Abbe Sieyes “What is the Third Estate?”

  14. Politics and the People, 1789-1791 • What is the first act of revolution? National Assembly Tennis Court Oath royal vacillation

  15. Politics and the People, 1789-1791 • What is the first act of violent revolution by the common people? grain prices / bread riots storming of the Bastille

  16. Politics and the People, 1789-1791 • What is the second act of violent revolution by the common people? Great Fear feudalism

  17. Politics and the People, 1789-1791 • What are the main points of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen? freedom from oppression

  18. Politics and the People, 1789-1791 • What is the third act of violent revolution by the common people? march on Versailles royal relocation

  19. Politics and the People, 1789-1791 • What does the National Assembly proceed to do? constitutional monarchy universal male suffrage women’s rights 83 departments assignatsmetric system / guilds religious freedom Civil Constitution of the Clergy

  20. Politics and the People, 1789-1791 • What disagreements arise over the new legislation? Condorcet Olympede Gouges “Declaration of the Rights of Women” religious peasantry

  21. Politics and the People, 1789-1791 • How do events in France frustrate Saint-Domingue? Code Noir Vincent Oge

  22. World War and Republican France, 1791-1799 • How are events in France debated outside of its borders? Edmund Burke Mary Wollstonecraft

  23. World War and Republican France, 1791-1799 • How did Louis XVI arouse the French people and seal his fate? Austrian Netherlands Varennes

  24. World War and Republican France, 1791-1799 • What is the Austrian/Prussian response to Louis XVI’s arrest and what new force is in the government? Declaration of Pillnitz Legislative Assembly Jacobins

  25. World War and Republican France, 1791-1799 • How do the initial stages of the war drastically alter France’s government? First Coalition attack on the Tuileries National Convention

  26. World War and Republican France, 1791-1799 • What is the fourth act of violent revolution by the common people? September Massacres First Republic

  27. World War and Republican France, 1791-1799 • How does the new National Convention divide itself? CENTER RIGHT LEFT Mountain “Plain” Girondists regicide

  28. World War and Republican France, 1791-1799 • How does the conduct of the war evolve? “war against tyranny” Battle of Valmy liberation / escalation Vendee revolt

  29. World War and Republican France, 1791-1799 • What is the fifth act of violent revolution by the common people? sans culottes Committee of Public Safety

  30. World War and Republican France, 1791-1799 • How does the Committee of Public Safety avoid the total collapse of the Revolution? Maximilian Robespierre “general will” (Rousseau) planned economy / emergency socialism Reign of Terror Republic of Virtue dechristianization total war

  31. World War and Republican France, 1791-1799 • How do events in Saint-Domingue also radicalize? Toussaint L’Ouverture Britain / Spain abolition of slavery

  32. World War and Republican France, 1791-1799 • How does Robespierre go too far? “enemies of the nation” Danton “9 Thermidor”

  33. World War and Republican France, 1791-1799 • What is the Thermidorian reaction? middle class sans-culottes rechristianization Directory

  34. The Napoleonic Era, 1799-1815 • How does the unlikely Napoleon use events to promote himself? Corsica artillery / National Convention crossing of the Alps Egyptian campaign Josephine / Abbe Sieyes coup d’etat / plebiscite First Consul

  35. The Napoleonic Era, 1799-1815 • What are Napoleon’s domestic policies? Napoleonic Code bureaucracy / centralization nobility – old new Concordat of 1801 women’s rights civil rights / Fouche self-coronation as Emperor

  36. The Napoleonic Era, 1799-1815 • Was Napoleon a military genius? Treaty of Luneville Treaty of Amiens Battle of Trafalgar Third Coalition Battle of Austerlitz German Confederation of the Rhine Battle of Jena Peace of Tilsit

  37. The Napoleonic Era, 1799-1815 • How successful is Napoleon in the Western Hemisphere? Haitian Civil War Dessalines yellow fever Louisiana Purchase

  38. The Napoleonic Era, 1799-1815 • By 1810, what are the three parts of the Grand Empire? core satellites allies

  39. The Napoleonic Era, 1799-1815 • What is Napoleon’s personal obsession? Great Britain

  40. The Napoleonic Era, 1799-1815 • What is Napoleon’s first big mistake? Continental System counter blockade

  41. The Napoleonic Era, 1799-1815 • What is Napoleon’s second big mistake? Peninsular War

  42. The Napoleonic Era, 1799-1815 • What is Napoleon’s third big mistake and “final straw”? Alexander I Invasion of Russia Borodino / Moscow Treaty of Chaumont Battle of Leipzig Elba

  43. The Napoleonic Era, 1799-1815 • What is Napoleon’s third big mistake and “final straw”? Alexander I Invasion of Russia Borodino / Moscow Treaty of Chaumont Battle of Leipzig Elba

  44. The Napoleonic Era, 1799-1815 • What is Napoleon’s last gasp? Louis XVIII / Constitutional Charter Hundred Days Waterloo / St. Helena

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