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The Gulf War (1990-1991): Iraq invaded Kuwait. A destroyed Iraqi tank. The Topography of Iraq. Ethnic Groups in Iraq. The Rise & Rule of Saddam Hussein. A Young Saddam Hussein (1937 - 2006). Born in Tikrit. Peasant family with influential army relatives. Tribal society.
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The Gulf War (1990-1991): Iraq invaded Kuwait A destroyed Iraqi tank
The Rise & Rule of Saddam Hussein
A Young Saddam Hussein(1937 - 2006) • Born in Tikrit. • Peasant family with influential army relatives. • Tribal society. • Joined BaathParty at 20. • Aided in failedassassination ofQasim in 1959. Saddam’s identity card when he was 10 years old.
Saddam’s Early Political Career • After 1963 coup, he was put in charge ofthe security service for the Baath party. • 1979 he became president of Iraq when al-Bakr was persuaded to step down. Saddam at 17.
A Cult of Personality 1989 Victory Arch
Saddam’s Republican Guard The elite presidential security force.
Ali Hasa al-Majid(“Chemical Ali”) I will kill them [the Kurds] all with chemical weapons!
“Iraq’s 19th province?” Kuwait
Iraq Invades Kuwait August 2, 1990 UN Security Council Resolution 678(authorized military force to be used against Iraq.)
Pres. of Iraq: Saddam Hussien promised “the mother of all battles”
Persian Gulf War I August 1990 - March 1991
U. S. Military Leaders General Colin Powell General NormanSchwarzkopf
U. S. Female Soldiers Everywhere is a combat zone!
An Iraqi tank bites the dust Survivors attacked Kurds in the north.
Saddam Lobs SCUD Missiles Israel & Saudi Arabia:The fear of bio-chemical attacks.
Allies Send Iraqis Back to Baghdad Iraqis soldiers surrender. Kuwaitis cheer Allied forces.
400 Kuwaiti Oilfields on Fire An environmental disaster!
Kurds have also been victims of ethnic violence very recently.
The Iraq War (2003-2011)
Reasons for Going to War Against Saddam(according to the U. S. and Britain) • Saddam kicked out U.N. weapons inspectors. • WMDs Weapons of Mass Destruction. • Saddam did not obey the No-Fly Zone limitations. • He was a savage dictator. • Stop Saddam before he can launchnuclear missiles against Israel, Europe,or even the United States.
“Shock & Awe!” Coalition forces attack Baghdad
Mohammed Saeed al-Sahaf Saddam’s Minister of Information(better known as “Baghdad Bob”)
“Mission Accomplished?” President George W. Bush lands on board the USS Abraham Lincoln (May, 2003)
Saddam Is Captured! December, 2003
Year US UK Other Total 2003 486 53 41 580 2004 849 22 35 906 2005 846 23 28 897 2006 822 29 21 872 2007 904 47 10 961 2008 314 4 4 322 2009 149 1 0 150 2010 60 0 0 60 2011 16 0 0 16 Total 4446 179 139 4764 4486 American Fatalities Iraq Coalition Military Fatalities By Year
Capt. Dawn Halfaker One of many female soldiers killed or wounded in Iraq.
A Growing Insurgency Former Baathists and foreign terrorists (Al-Qaida, etc.)
A New Beginning?