3 D Printer Primer

1. 3 D Printer Primer Everything I wanted to know about 3D printers but was afraid to ask My Contact info for questions related to this presentation: Art Flater Central 3D Systems W223 n777 Saratoga drive Waukesha, wi 53186 aflater@central3dsystems.com www.central3dsystems.com

2. 3 D Printer Primer Starting a 3d print job File is completed Prepare the build platform Call up the file Run the job When the job is complete, we will remove and clean the part.

3. I want to cover a common PowerPoint error that many people make. Do not write out the entire presentation on each slide, and then read it to the audience. While this eliminates the need for you to memorize your presentation, it makes the presentation tedious and boring and you will loose your audience and end up with a poor quality presentation and a group of people

4. who simply want to end their lives.

5. 3 D Printer Primer A few rules for this presentation I run a company where nobody ever asks for a meeting with their parents or my boss There are stupid questions. If you ask a stupid question, I will be sure to point it out and make fun of you. You can not bring your parents to a meeting with me and my boss is all of my customers. This is an overview of 3D printing and you will learn the background of the technologies so you can talk intelligently about the different technologies, materials and ways to create 3d objects. Not laughing at my jokes will just cause me to tell more of them Laughing at my jokes will probably also cause me to tell more This is your presentation, so let’s make it a discussion I understand I am the only thing standing between you and the bar

6. 3 D Printer Primer Terminology you will want to use to sound smart “Build” This is what 3D printers do. “3D CAD System” How you create a 3D design (well usually) “Grow” term used to describe making end user parts “Geometry” Not math, the way parts are built “Support” Required to make parts that have complex geometries “Build platform” size of the X and Y components of a 3D printer “Build Envelope” Build volume (X x Y x Z axis) of the printer “Additive Manufacturing” 3D printing “Direct digital manufacturing” 3D printing If I mention other terms you are not familiar with, stop me right away, or I will drone on, expecting that you know exactly what I am talking about.

7. 3 D Printer Primer Presentation Agenda 3D printing technologies Deploying 3D devices Using 3D printers What type of printer should you get? 3D Scanning- (bonus content) Questions/Discussion

8. 3 D Printer Primer 3 D Printing technologies available today SLA- the birth of 3D printing FDM- most common 3 D printer Powder bed fusion Multi-jet modeling FTI- Film transfer imaging SLS- Selective laser sintering DMLS- Direct metal laser sintering LOM- Laminated object manufacturing

9. 3 D Printer Primer SLA Printing- Stereolithography First ever 3D printing invented by Chuck Hull Uses a vat of liquid photopolymer Cured layer by layer with a laser Extremely accurate Large build sizes Low cost to operate Multiple materials Parts are very durable Requires trained dedicated operators Hardware is expensive Works like this: http://www.3dsystems.com/3d-media/3d-printing-process-sla

10. 3 D Printer Primer FDM- Fused deposition manufacturing Uses ABS, PLA or just recently, nylon Makes things by layer- smaller layers= more expensive machine Poor accuracy Requires support material to build complex structures Low cost to run Parts require processing and cleaning Machine cost is low, and getting lower-Cube and Makerbot are market leaders Simple to use and understand Parts are reasonably durable Works like the machine you see running right now

11. 3 D Printer Primer Powder bed fusion (often called Z Corp Printer) Uses a bed of powder and HP inkjet cartridges Fastest technology available No support structures required to build even the most complex shapes Low cost to operate Allows for multiple layers of objects to satisfy more prints in each build Full color Durable parts Parts require some processing after completion Works like this: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TSAdjGGhfwo&feature=player_detailpage

12. 3 D Printer Primer Multijet modeling Uses UV curable plastics Uses wax as a support material Able to build any geometry, any way Medium cost to run Not as fast Very accurate Able to build complex parts other units can not make Parts require processing after completion Parts are durable Multiple materials available Works like this: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=apm5Gn2s_-M&feature=player_detailpage

13. 3 D Printer Primer Film Transfer Imaging- FTI Uses UV Curable plastic Uses one material for support and object Builds upside down to work with gravity Very durable parts Limited materials High accuracy for cost of equipment Parts require washing and curing

14. 3 D Printer Primer Selective Laser Sintering Fast Accurate Multiple materials available- starts as powder Very accurate End user parts Equipment is $300,000+ Special power Nitrogen generator required

15. 3 D Printer Primer DMLS Direct Metal Laser Sintering Uses metal powder Makes end user parts Slow to “grow” things Makes objects that can not be manufactured Multiple metals available to print Very expensive This is the disruptive future of manufacturing Works like this: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tkwd2YXNy9I&feature=player_detailpage

16. 3 D Printer Primer Deploying 3D printing systems Room requirements Capacity requirements Material considerations Service and support considerations Equipment capability considerations

17. 3 D Printer Primer Don’t Let everyone print to the equipment Print jobs until they have been viewed by an authority figure and they have approved the print Allow untrained operators to submit print jobs Print one file at a time if you can add more files to the build platform Create “informal” rules

18. 3 D Printer Primer Do: Create a set of rules to follow to use the printer Communicate these rules in person verbally Communicate these rules in writing Communicate the rules with signage Watch over your system carefully in a secure area Have a quality surge suppressor/lightning arrestor Consider a UPS

19. 3 D Printer Primer Room requirements Good heat and cooling- 68 to 75 degrees No drafts or strong airflow near the device Tile floor/carpet squares- easy to clean floor Some devices require water or a sink Some devices require the ability to use spray lacquer Power filter- a real one- not a power strip UPS is useful in many cases

20. 3 D Printer Primer Capacity requirements The number of students and the frequency of use will determine the best device Whatever you estimate your usage- double it Remember 3D printers are relatively slow- even the fast ones Few students (10 or less) and low usage = low cost to buy or lease device- FDM –Makerbot/CubeX More students or usage = faster more expensive device, that costs less to run- Powder Bed Fusion-3D Systems 160/260/460

21. 3 D Printer Primer Material considerations What properties does the material have? What do I want the parts to be able to do? What does the material cost per cubic inch? Can I get it from multiple sources? How much waste is involved in a print? Is there support material? How do I clean a part? How durable is the material?

22. 3 D Printer Primer Service and Support considerations What happens if the machine breaks? Is there a local service group to help? Do I need a local service group? Is a maintenance agreement available?-(MA should be no more than 15% of the equipment cost) Can the people who sell the unit actually help and give advice on best practices? Can I learn to fix these things myself?

23. 3 D Printer Primer Equipment capability considerations What do I want to print? (basic or complex) Do I want to teach full color? Do I want a durable part or a throwaway? How much speed will I need? Will I need to make multiple prints (a class of 18 who each might want a print of their project) Can I use the equipment in other areas of the school? (medical or geospatial modeling) Can we show the device off to potential partners in STEM?

24. 3 D Printer Primer Using 3D printers A basic how to of setting up and running a job

25. What type of 3D printer should you get? FDM Powder bed fusion FTI Multijet modeling

26. 3 D Printer Primer FDM Various price points from $2,000 + or $70 per month on a lease) Low cost ABS or PLA materials often available open source Multiple colors available (one color at a time) Simple Limited ability to run multiple jobs Complex and time consuming to run multiple jobs Support material required Post processing of parts required Limited geometries Low accuracy

27. 3 D Printer Primer Powder Bed Fusion More costly to get a machine ($20,000+ or $300+ per month to lease) Lowest cost to run- often makes up the price difference between FDM in operational cost Can print in full color Very fast No support material required No waste Environmentally friendly Parts require more processing after printing Parts are not always as durable Parts have no flex

28. 3 D Printer Primer FTI- Film Transfer Imaging Higher cost for equipment ($12,000+ or $300 per month on a lease) Higher cost to operate More accurate than FDM but less accurate than powder bed fusion Only one material for build and support Very durable parts Very complex parts Simple to operate Parts require significant processing after printing

29. 3 D Printer Primer Multijet Modeling Expensive to purchase or lease($60,000+ or $1,000 per month to lease Extremely accurate Satisfy multiple students in one build Slower, because of accuracy Durable parts Multiple materials Very east to make complex geometry parts Simple processing of parts

30. 3 D Printer Primer 3D Scanning – the next driver of 3D printing The scanner we are using today is $399 from Cubify.com Make 3D scans of students, teachers, objects. Print the scans Create a school fundraiser to pay for the 3D printer by making full color busts of students for parents/grandparents/relatives. Offer to superheroify anyone in full color This will sell better than pizzas or cookie dough

31. 3 D Printer Primer Time for drinks and food Or questions I am not putting and ending slide on here that says “thank you” because that is a lame way to end a presentation.

32. 3 D Printer Primer Again, my shameless self promotion: My Contact info for questions related to this presentation: Art Flater Central 3D Systems W223 N777 Saratoga drive Waukesha, WI 53186 aflater@central3dsystems.com www.central3dsystems.com