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Markus Erhard

Land Cover in Europe lessons learned from CORINE land cover and new perspectives European Environment Agency (EEA). Markus Erhard. Why Land Cover Monitoring.

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Markus Erhard

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  1. Land Cover in Europelessons learned from CORINE land cover and new perspectivesEuropean Environment Agency (EEA) Markus Erhard

  2. Why Land Cover Monitoring • Multi-functionality of land – link to other sectors urban and landscape planning, water, soil, biodiversity, climate change, air quality, natural hazards etc. • Monitoring, assessment and reporting (continuous observation of environmental changes over space and time)  reporting obligations, indicators etc. • Decision support, policy effectiveness need for action

  3. Corine Land Cover (EEA-39)http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/COR0-landcover • Voluntary contribution of Member States since 1990 (no legal framework) • Standardized, harmonized and quality checked for Europe • Minimum Mapping Unit 25 ha • Change Detection 5 ha • EEA / EIONET (Member States) product (joint ownership) • Free and open access • Widely used (public & private) • Stand alone product

  4. … and mapping Environmental change vs. technical progress Hand made maps First GIS GIS electronic mapping Web-based Information systems CLC 1990 CLC CLC2000 2006 CLC2012 +

  5. Land cover products CLC 2006 Built-up area / sealing CLC Changes

  6. Land Ecosystem Account: Landscape Ecological Potential Corine land cover map (CLC is derived from satellite images) Green Landscape Index (derived from CLC) Nature Value (Naturilis, derived from Natura2000 designated areas) Fragmentation (Effective Mesh Size (MEFF) derived from TeleAtlas Roads and CLC)  and Landscape Ecological Potential (LEP) 2000, by 1km² grid cell LEP 2000 by NUTS 2/3

  7. From changes to flows Change Matrix (44x43=1932 possible changes) summarized into flows LCF8 LCF5 LCF1 LCF6 LCF4 LCF2 LCF3 LCF7 LCF9 2006 2000

  8. Country Analyses (1) (e.g. Bulgaria) http://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/landuse • Change of main land-cover classes 2000 - 2006

  9. Country Analyses (2) (e.g. Bulgaria) http://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/landuse

  10. Regional and thematic analysis(e.g. wetlands)

  11. Environmental accounting  UNSD SEEA revision 2012/2013, green GDP etc. from GlobCover to GlobCorine: ESA & EEA, GEO-GEOSS Going global  GlobCorine 2009 Source: ESA, 2008

  12. CLC for integrated assessmentsSpatial Integration of Environmental & Socio-Economic Data Mapping Socio-economic statistics Socio-Economic Statistics Sampling Individual Sites Monitoring

  13. Statistical Data and Corinee.g. down-scaling population density http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/population-density-1

  14. Dissemination and user supportLand use data centre • http://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/landuse

  15. Towards operational land cover monitoring (GIO Land 2011-2013) Photo: ESA

  16. GIO Land Services Local component – Urban Atlas EU component - CLC Global component – ECV*s 3 components: • Local : zooming on ‘hot spot’ (e.g. urban atlas, protected areas, coastal areas) • Continental: pan-European products (Corine 2012, 5 HRLs soil sealing, forest, agriculture, wetland, water) • Global: bio-physical parameters (Essential Climate Variables (ECVs), food security (Africa) etc.)

  17. Continental Component (1)CORINE  CORINE  CORINE ... • Corine 2006 update and 2012 map based on Image 2012 (-1) and CLC2006 • Re-analysis 2012-2006-2000 1990  2000  2006  2012  20xx …  …

  18. Continental Component (2)+ 5 High Resolution Layers (HRLs)  20 x 20 m resolution for validated 100 x 100m (1 ha) grid cells artificial surfaces: imperviousness layer (0-100%) (former soil sealing) forest areas: foliage type (coniferous, deciduous, mixed) and crown coverage (0-100%) agricultural areas: mapping of permanent grassland wetlands: mapping of wetness water surfaces: small water bodies complementary to WFD and reference data

  19. Local analysis (e.g. soil sealing / imperviousness 2006) 20m * 20m

  20. Soil Imperviousness 2006 - 2009 Berlin 2009 Berlin 2006 Courtesy: Geoland-2

  21. Next steps • Improve product (HRLs as first step) • Improve production process (share between industry and Member States) and cost benefit • Improve production time (from ~ 3 to 1 year) for more frequent updating • Adapt to user requirements • Make use of national data and monitoring • Make use of public participation (citizen science / Eye on Earth) • Embed in INSPIRE, SEIS and national activities

  22. Appropriate handling • CLC as pan-European harmonized product (EEA39) • Information homogenous and comparable across Europe • Due to its granularity CLC tends to underestimate trends (scaling issue) • Changes << 5ha are in some cases not visible (e.g. land take by holiday houses in Norway) • Need for re-analysis (better data vs. change detection)  Appropriate use of information not “right or wrong”

  23. Conclusions QA/QC and standardised production implemented Methods for analyses and assessments exist Operational updating (GMES) with higher frequency Dissemination and user involvement (web services and GMES) Free and open access to data, tools and products Production enhancement (faster, cheaper, better  integrating national activities) Product enhancement (content, timeliness)  keep it running

  24. Thank you very much for your attention! http://www.eea.europa.eu markus.erhard@eea.europa.eu

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