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Bacteria and Archaea

Bacteria and Archaea. Chapter 10 section 1. Warm up. What is the difference between the two pictures in the following figure?. Objectives . Define prokaryote. Describe the characteristics of prokaryotes. Explain how prokaryotes reproduce by binary fission.

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Bacteria and Archaea

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  1. Bacteria and Archaea Chapter 10 section 1

  2. Warm up • What is the difference between the two pictures in the following figure?

  3. Objectives • Define prokaryote. • Describe the characteristics of prokaryotes. • Explain how prokaryotes reproduce by binary fission. • Recognize three common shapes of bacteria. • Explain the importance of the endospore.

  4. Introduction • How many bacteria are in a handful of soil? Would you believe that a single gram of soil- which is about the mass of a pencil eraser- may have more than 2.5 billion bacteria? What about a handful of soil?

  5. Name some characteristics that you know about prokaryotic cells. • Single-celled organisms • No nucleus • Very small but not all of the same size • DNA (genetic material) scattered in the cytoplasm • Have cell wall that gives them their specific shape. • Bacteria are mostly of three common shapes: rod shape, spherical shape and spiral shape.

  6. Shapes of bacteria • Most bacteria have a rigid cell wall that gives them their shape. • 3 common shapes of bacteria: 1- Bacilli: rod shaped 2- Cocci: spherical shape 3-Spirilla: spiral shape Some bacteria have hair-like parts called flagella that help them move around.

  7. No Nucleus! • All bacteria are single-celled organisms that do not have no nucleus. They are known as prokaryotes. • A prokaryote is able to move, get energy and reproduce like cells that have a nucleus. • Prokaryotes function as independent organism

  8. Prokaryote Reproduction • Prokaryotes reproduce by a process called Binary Fission. • Binary fission is a reproduction in which one single-celled organism splits into two single-celled organisms.

  9. Endospores • Most species of bacteria do well in warm, moist places. • Some will die in cold surroundings. • Some bacteria becomes inactive in cold surroundings and form endospores. • An endospore contains genetic material and proteins and is covered by a thick, protective coat. • Scientists found endospores inside an insect that was preserved in amber for 30 million years.

  10. Wrap up with Homer • What are prokaryotes? • How bacteria differs from other eukaryotic cells? • What are the three common shapes of bacteria? • How can bacteria reproduce? • What is an endospore?

  11. Assignments • Section review questions • Practice sheet • System-wide Quiz 1 Required lessons are: 5.1 Mendel and his Peas 5.2 Traits and Inheritance 10.1 Bacteria and Archaea

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