NAS EnerBuild Workshop in Warsaw 6 – 7 March 2003

1. Energy conservation in Buildingsector in LatviaPeteris ShipkovsInstitute of Physical Energetics NAS EnerBuild Workshop in Warsaw 6 – 7 March 2003

2. Energy conservation in Buildingsector in Latvia • Latvian Building sector • Energy consumption in building sector • Legislative aspects • Building sector financing policy NAS EnerBuild Workshop in Warsaw 6-7 March 2003

3. (Per cent) Year of construction Latvia Urban Rural TOTAL 100 100 100 Before 1947 26,7 22,0 38,1 1947 – 1973 37,0 38,6 33,2 1974 – 1980 16,3 18,2 11,7 After 1980 20,0 21,2 17,0 Small houses 100 100 100 Before 1947 49,7 32,6 57,7 1947 – 1973 35,3 52,9 27,0 1974 – 1980 5,4 7,8 4,3 After 1980 9,6 6,7 11,0 Multy-family houses 100 100 100 Before 1947 19,8 20,8 15,2 1947 – 1973 37,5 36,9 40,3 1974 – 1980 19,6 19,5 20,3 After 1980 23,1 22,8 24,2 Breakdown of the Latvia housing stock by the year of construction Percents NAS EnerBuild Workshop in Warsaw 6-7 March 2003

4. NAS EnerBuild Workshop in Warsaw 6-7 March 2003

5. Outside wall material Latvia Urban Rural TOTAL 100 100 100 Brick, stone 42,6 45,3 36,0 Concrete, reinforced concrete 32,4 38,2 18,1 Wood 17,2 10,3 34,2 Combined material 7,3 5,9 10,9 Other 0,5 0,3 0,8 Small houses 100 100 100 Brick, stone 28,9 38,0 24,7 Concrete, reinforced concrete 4,8 7,4 3,5 Wood 51,8 41,2 56,8 Combined material 12,9 11,1 13,7 Other 1,6 2,3 1,3 Multi-family houses 100 100 100 Brick, stone 46,7 46,2 49,2 Concrete, reinforced concrete 40,6 41,8 35,0 Wood 6,9 6,7 7,8 Combined material 5,7 5,2 7,7 Other 0,1 0,1 0,3 Housing stocks by outside wall material (%) NAS EnerBuild Workshop in Warsaw 6-7 March 2003

6. Energy consumption • The building sector in Latvia is more energy capacious sector – 38 % of the final total energy consumption have been consumed by buildings in 2000. • The National Building Register for Latvia is under development (2003). It will contain information about building characteristics (type, heated area, year of construction, etc.). By means of this register it would be possible to develop a heat demand model, which can be used for estimation and validation of heat consumption in building sector and todefine more precisely energy consumption in buildings.   NAS EnerBuild Workshop in Warsaw 6-7 March 2003

7. Energy consumption • Latvian Standard “Building energy audit and commissioning” is in the stage of development now. • The demonstrative Projects and Campaigns were organized in Latvia (in Riga and in different regions) with the goal to demonstrate the possibilities for energy conservation and energy efficiency in buildings. NAS EnerBuild Workshop in Warsaw 6-7 March 2003

8. Legislative aspects • Normative requirements to the heat losses of building envelopes reflect the state policy in energy consumption and correspond more to the society demand regarding the insulation level of buildings. • From 1991 the main Directive in energy saving in buildings in Latvia was Regulations N 68 ‘’On improvement of thermal resistance values of building constructions’’ which was issued by Latvian Republic Ministry of Architecture and Construction. NAS EnerBuild Workshop in Warsaw 6-7 March 2003

9. Legislative aspects • New Latvian Building Code LBN 002-01 ‘’Thermal performance of building envelope’’, which is working in Latvia from 01.01.2003, had radically changed approach to the limiting of building heat losses, instead of limiting thermal transmittance for the particular building elements it uses the concept of reference building. This document established the minimum thermal resistance values for buildings that are under construction or will be reconstructed. NAS EnerBuild Workshop in Warsaw 6-7 March 2003

10. Building sector financing policy • Denationalization of housing property, privatization of state and municipal living houses have changed the property structure of the housing fund in Latvia. • At the end of 1990 the share of private sector in the housing fund was 31% and at the end of 2000 it had gone up to 76% of total living fund. • Thereby the legal base is created now for the more convenient financing of building construction, reconstruction, insulation, etc. NAS EnerBuild Workshop in Warsaw 6-7 March 2003

11. Building sector financing policy • In 1999 the Cabinet of Ministers approved the Program of Crediting Housing Development. To improve the situation in construction and living conditions the state provides opportunity for people to obtain timely credit resources with assistance of this Program. • Program's objective is to satisfy needs of people for quality housing, activate construction sector and promote flexibility of the housing market. NAS EnerBuild Workshop in Warsaw 6-7 March 2003

12. Building sector financing policy • It is not planned to restart massive building of apartment houses funded by the central and local governments. These resources will be mainly used to create the social living fund with small, cheap apartments for urgent necessities and especially adapted flats for senior and poor citizens and the disabled persons. • Private financing, except for governmental and municipal buildings that have state financing. • Mortgage is available for private builders. NAS EnerBuild Workshop in Warsaw 6-7 March 2003

13. Finansing of Thermal insulation • Special rotating energy saving fund (Energy Efficiency fund) • Long-term credits or third-side financing are also acceptable • New opportunities are open now in Latvia with implementation of the hypothecary crediting, which provides for giving long-term credits with low percent, using as the mortgage the building itself, for example. NAS EnerBuild Workshop in Warsaw 6-7 March 2003