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60 T ü rkiye Jeoloji Kurultayi Exploration for Skarn Deposits

60 T ü rkiye Jeoloji Kurultayi Exploration for Skarn Deposits. Larry Meinert Department of Geology Smith College Northampton, MA 01063 USA Email: Lmeinert@smith.edu. Skarns and Skarn Deposits. General processes of skarn formation Mineralogy, petrology, & tectonic setting

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60 T ü rkiye Jeoloji Kurultayi Exploration for Skarn Deposits

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  1. 60 Türkiye Jeoloji KurultayiExploration for Skarn Deposits Larry Meinert Department of Geology Smith College Northampton, MA 01063 USA Email: Lmeinert@smith.edu

  2. Skarns and Skarn Deposits • General processes of skarn formation • Mineralogy, petrology, & tectonic setting 3) Examples of major skarn deposits: Antamina - Peru Ertsberg District - Irian Jaya

  3. Depth of Formation - W Skarns • Tonnage and grade 63 Mt of 0.95 WO3 • Igneous Composition calc-alkaline granodiorite to granite • Igneous geometry c.g. batholith with pegmatite, megacrysts • Igneous alteration Fresh, minor myrmekite, Ca endoskarn • Metamorphism Extensive metamorphic aureole (km) with high T mineral assemblages and reaction skarns (bimetasomatism)

  4. Marble Pine Creek, CA W skarn Skarn Granodiorite

  5. Sub-calcic garnet Calcic garnet & pyroxene

  6. Sub-calcic garnet veins Scheelite

  7. Depth of Formation - Cu Skarns • Tonnage and grade 500 Mt of 0.8% Cu • Igneous Composition calc-alkaline diorite to quartz monzonite • Igneous geometry m.g. to porphyritic stocks and dikes • Igneous alteration K-silicate, sericitic, epidote endoskarn • Metamorphism Variable metamorphic aureole (cm to km) lacks high T mineral assemblages

  8. Distal Features - Zn Skarns • Tonnage and grade 50 Mt of 10% Zn, 5% Pb, 150 g/t Ag • Igneous Composition granodiorite to granite to unknown • Igneous geometry batholith to stocks to dikes to unknown • Igneous alteration Extensive epidote±garnet endoskarn • Metamorphism Bleaching and recrystallization, no high T metamorphic aureole

  9. Skarns and Skarn Deposits • General processes of skarn formation • Mineralogy, petrology, & tectonic setting 3) Examples of major skarn deposits: Antamina - Peru Ertsberg District - Irian Jaya

  10. Skarns and Skarn Deposits • General processes of skarn formation • Mineralogy, petrology, & tectonic setting 3) Examples of major skarn deposits: Antamina - Peru Ertsberg District - Irian Jaya

  11. Skarn deposits of Peru

  12. Antamina Cu-Zn skarn, Peru • > 1 billion tons of Cu-Zn resource • ~ Barren porphyry intrusive center 3) Abundant endoskarn 4) Classic skarn zonation

  13. Quartz monzonite porphyry

  14. Endoskarn Porphyry

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