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Cellular Respiration

Cellular Respiration. Chemical Energy & Food. One gram of glucose = 3811 calories 1 calorie = amount of energy needed to heat 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius Food calories are measured in Calories where 1 Calorie = 1000 calories. What is the difference?. Calories. Cellular Respiration.

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Cellular Respiration

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  1. Cellular Respiration

  2. Chemical Energy & Food • One gram of glucose = 3811 calories • 1 calorie = amount of energy needed to heat 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius • Food calories are measured in Calories where 1 Calorie = 1000 calories. • What is the difference?

  3. Calories

  4. Cellular Respiration • Cellular Respiration is the process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules in the presence of oxygen. • 6O2 + C6H12O6 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy • Oxygen + Glucose  Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy

  5. Cellular Respiration

  6. Glycolysis • Glycolysis is the process in which one molecule of glucose is broken in half, producing two molecules of pyruvic acid. • 2 ATP needed to start reaction, 4 ATP are produced thus the net gain is 2 ATP.

  7. Fermentation • Releases energy from glucose without the presence of oxygen. • There are two types of fermentation: alcoholic and lactic acid. • Alcoholic fermentation is done by yeasts and some microorganisms. It produces alcohol & Carbon Dioxide • Lactic Acid is produced by muscles during rapid exercise when the body cannot supply enough oxygen.

  8. The Krebs Cycle • During the Krebs Cycle, pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions. • Citric Acid is created in this cycle thus giving it the nickname Citric Acid cycle. • Net ATP Production is 2 ATP.

  9. Electron Transport Chain • The electron transport chain uses the high-energy electrons from the Krebs Cycle to convert ADP to ATP. • Total ATP 32.

  10. Totals • Gycolysis 2 ATP • Krebs Cycle 2 ATP • Electron Transport Chain 32 ATP • Total = 36 ATP

  11. From Food to ATP

  12. Energy & Exercise • Quick energy – Lactic Acid fermentation is used to get quick energy and gives off lactic acid as a by product, thus the muscle pain. • Long-Term Energy – Use cellular respiration to produce energy. Exercising or activities that last for at least 15 to 20 minutes. Best form for weight control.

  13. The Oxygen Cycle

  14. Comparing Photosynthesis & Respiration

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